(
课件网) 题型4 主旨大意题 主旨大意题是阅读理解中考生失分最多的题目，因为该类题目不仅考查考生速读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。该题型主要包括标题归纳题、文章大意题和段落大意题。 在做题时要明确正确选项和干扰选项的特征。 正确选项特征： ①涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段。 ②确定的范围恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小。 ③精确性强，不会改变原文语言表意的程度及感彩。 ④含有文章关键词或者有象征意义的事物。 干扰选项特征： ①以偏概全———只阐述了局部信息或文章内容的某一个方面。 ②主题过大———归纳概括过于宽泛，超出了文章实际所讨论的内容。 ③断章取义———以次要的事实或细节代替全文的主要观点。 ④无中生有———与文章内容毫不相干或与文章内容相悖。 技法1 标题归纳题———文章主线定标题 标题是文章中心思想的精练表达。此类题目主要考查考生把握文章主旨、理解文章中心思想的能力，要求考生在理解文章的基础上运用判断、归纳、概括等方法，对文章的主题进行提炼或高度概括，最终准确地选出文章的标题。 常见设问方式有： ·Which is the most suitable title for the text ·What can be a suitable title for the text ·Which of the following would be the best title for the passage ·Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage [典例1] (2025·全国二卷阅读C)When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn't have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1，200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70，000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. “Plants are in fashion right now，” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida. “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating，” she says. “Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.” Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body. “Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants，” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.” If you're among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don't beat yourself up if one(or a few！) doesn't make it. “Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant. Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care of it, but if it dies, go get another one，” Detrinidad says. 31．What can be a suitable title for the text A．Time to Replace Houseplants B．Plants Boost Your Mood C．Tips on Choosing Houseplants D．Plants Brighten Your Home 第一步 读文章，理清结构 Par ... ...
