
中考英语专题复习讲义———动词的时态 【真题精选】 (2025·上海) My brother _____ football with his friends every weekend. A. plays B. played C. will play D. has played (2025·广东) By the time we arrived at the cinema, the movie _____ (start). (2025·湖北武汉) — What are your plans for tomorrow — I _____ my grandparents in the countryside. A. visit B. visited C. will visit D. am visiting (2025·浙江杭州) Please be quiet. The students _____ (take) an important exam in the next room. (2025·天津) I _____ (watch) TV when the power went out last night. (2025·陕西) Scientists _____ (make) great progress in space exploration over the past decade. 【答案揭秘】 上述六道考题涵盖了中考中常见的六种时态,分别为: 一般现在时(对应第1题) 一般过去时(对应第5题) 一般将来时(对应第3题) 现在进行时(对应第4题) 过去进行时(对应第5题) 现在完成时(对应第2题和第6题) 掌握这六种时态的用法对于准确理解和运用英语至关重要。接下来,我们将逐一剖析它们的核心用法和特点。 【六大时态详解】 一、三个“一般”时态 一般现在时 核心用法:描述经常性、习惯性的动作或状态;表达客观事实、普遍真理;在时间或条件状语从句中表示将来。 结构形式: 主语 + am/is/are (be动词) + ... 主语 + 动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式 (非be动词) + ... 例句: Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. (客观事实) She usually takes the bus to school. (习惯性动作) If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. (条件状语从句表将来) 典型标志词: always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day/week/month, on Mondays, 等。 一般过去时 核心用法:描述在过去某个特定时间或某段时间内发生并已完成的动作或状态。 结构形式: 主语 + was/were (be动词) + ... 主语 + 动词过去式 (非be动词) + ... 例句: They visited the museum last summer. (过去特定时间) When I was young, I lived in a small town. (过去某段时间) He didn't go to the party yesterday. (过去否定) 典型标志词: yesterday, last night/week/year, ago, in 1990, once upon a time, 等。 一般将来时 核心用法:描述将要发生或存在的动作或状态。 结构形式:主语 + will + 动词原形 + ... (最常见结构) 例句: I will call you later. (未来动作) They will arrive in Beijing tomorrow. (未来状态) We won't (will not) forget this special day. (未来否定) 典型标志词:tomorrow, next week/month/year, soon, in the future, later, 等。 注意: 在时间状语从句 (when, as soon as, before, after) 和条件状语从句 (if, unless) 中,常用一般现在时表示将来意义。 二、两个“进行”时态 现在进行时 核心用法: 描述说话时正在进行的动作;描述当前一段时间内持续进行的动作(即使说话瞬间可能未发生);表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作(多用于位移动词)。 结构形式:主语 + am/is/are + 动词现在分词 (V-ing) + ... 例句: Look! The children are playing in the garden. (说话时正在发生) I am reading a great novel these days. (现阶段持续进行) He is leaving for London tomorrow. (计划好的将来动作) 典型标志词: now, at the moment, right now, these days, Look!, Listen!, 等。 过去进行时 核心用法:描述过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在进行的动作;常用于描述过去某一动作发生时另一个动作正在进行。 结构形式:主语 + was/were + 动词现在分词 (V-ing) + ... 例句: What were you doing ... ...
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