【高考突破方案】语法第四讲 代词与it的用法 高考一轮总复习英语 （教师版） 译林版

第4讲　代词与it的用法 代词 Ⅰ.代词的概念：代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。 Ⅱ.代词可以分为以下八大类 人称 代词 主格 I, you, he, she, it, we, you(你们), they 宾格 me, you, him, her, it, us, you(你们), them 物主 代词 形容词性物主代词 my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their 名词性物主代词 mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs 反身代词 myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 指示代词 this, that, these, those, such, some 疑问代词 who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever 关系代词/连接代词 that, which, who, whom, whose, as 不定代词 one, some/any, each/every, none/no, many/much, few/little/a few/a little, other/another, all/both, neither/either 相互代词 each other, one another Ⅲ.不定代词用法注意点 类别 区别 例句 some和any some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句 He offered some useful advice. Do you have any suggestions I'm not making any promises. some和any some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议、请求等 Would you like some more coffee some和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示“某个”，any表示“任何一个” Go, and say some person from New York desires to see her. Any colour will do. 续表 类别 区别 例句 each和every each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上；而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上 Each (of us) has our own car.＝We each have our own car. Every student is capable of passing the exam./Every one of us is capable of passing the exam. none和no none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数形式；代替可数名词，谓语单复数形式皆可；no等于not any，作定语 —How much bread is there in the kitchen —None. None of the passengers was/were injured. She has no money coming in and no funds. other、the other和another other泛指“另外的，别的”，常与其他词连用，如：every other week、the other day、no other way; the other特指两者中的另外一个，复数为the others He has doctor's appointment just about every other week. He had his first heart attack the other day. He raised one arm and then the other. Can you stay behind after the others have gone and help me clear up another指“又一个，另一个”，无特定所指，复数形式是others，泛指“别的人或事” He gave the bell another press. A number of features discriminate this species from others(＝other species). either和neither either指“两者(中任何一方)都”；neither指“两者(中任何一方)都不” You can park on either side of the road. Neither of us has ever skied. Ⅳ.替代词的用法 代词 用法 例句 one 替代上文出现的“同类”事物，但不是“同一”事物，泛指同类事物中的一个，所替代的名词必须是可数名词。代替可数名词复数时用ones The bus was crowded so we decided to catch a later one. Any experience can teach and strengthen you, but particularly the more difficult ones. the one 替代前面提到的单数名词，表示特指。有时可用that替代(尤其是在有后置定语的情况下)。代替可数名词复数时用the ones Their house is the one with the big garden in front. The students who are most successful are usually the ones who come to all the classes. that 替代 ... ...