2026年中考英语专题复习讲义——情态动词（一）（含答案）

中考英语专题复习讲义———情态动词（一） 第1组：can/could ● 用法精讲 can：表能力（现在）、许可（口语） could：表能力（过去）、委婉请求 速记口诀：can现能力，could过能或委婉 ● 典型例题 She ___ swim when she was five. A. can B. could C. may D. might 答案：B（过去能力） ● 举一反三 ___ you pass me the salt (Could) Birds ___ fly. (can) He ___ solve the problem yesterday. (could) 第2组：may/might ● 用法精讲 may：表许可（正式）、可能性（较大） might：表可能性（较小）、委婉推测 速记口诀：may正式许可，might可能小 ● 典型例题 It ___ rain later, take an umbrella. A. may B. might C. can D. must 答案：A（可能性较大） ● 举一反三 ___ I leave early today (May) The keys ___ be in the drawer. (might) 第3组：must/have to ● 用法精讲 must：主观义务（必须）、肯定推测 have to：客观要求（不得不） 速记口诀：must主义务，haveto客观需 ● 典型例题 You ___ finish homework by tomorrow. A. must B. have to C. should D. ought to 答案：A（主观要求） ● 举一反三 She ___ wear glasses for reading. (has to) The light is on, he ___ be home. (must) 第4组：should/ought to ● 用法精讲 should：表建议、责任（常用） ought to：表责任（正式，强调道德） 速记口诀：should建议责，oughtto道德义 ● 典型例题 You ___ apologize for your mistake. A. should B. ought to C. must D. have to 答案：B（道德义务） ● 举一反三 We ___ recycle to protect Earth. (should) You ___ visit your grandparents. (ought to) 第5组：will/would ● 用法精讲 will：表将来、意愿 would：表过去习惯、委婉请求 速记口诀：will将来愿，would过习或委婉 ● 典型例题 When I was young, I ___ climb trees. A. will B. would C. could D. might 答案：B（过去习惯） ● 举一反三 ___ you help me with this box (Would) I ___ call you tomorrow. (will) 第6组：shall/should ● 用法精讲 shall：表提议（一三人称）、未来（正式） should：见第4组 速记口诀：shall提议或未来，should建议责 ● 典型例题 ___ we go for a walk A. Shall B. Should C. Will D. Could 答案：A（提议） ● 举一反三 I ___ be 18 next month. (shall) You ___ see a doctor. (should) 第7组：need/dare ● 用法精讲 need：表需要（情态动词仅用于否定/疑问） dare：表敢（情态动词少用，多作实义动词） 速记口诀：need需否疑，dare敢少用 ● 典型例题 ___ I bring my ID card A. Need B. Dare C. Must D. Should 答案：A（疑问句表需要） ● 举一反三 You ___ not worry. (need) He ___ not jump from the cliff. (dared) 第8组：情态动词+have done ● 用法精讲 must have done：肯定已发生 should have done：该做但未做 can’t have done：不可能已发生 速记口诀：musthave推肯定，shouldhave该未做 ● 典型例题 The ground is dry, it ___ rained last night. A. must have B. should have C. can’t have D. may have 答案：C（不可能发生） ● 举一反三 She ___ missed the bus. (must have) You ___ finished earlier. (should have) 第9组：否定形式辨析 ● 用法精讲 mustn’t：禁止 don’t have to：不必 can’t：不能/不可能 速记口诀：mustn’t表禁止，don’thaveto不必 ● 典型例题 You ___ smoke here. A. mustn’t B. don’t have to C. can’t D. shouldn’t 答案：A（禁止） ● 举一反三 You ___ attend if busy. (don’t have to) He ___ be in Paris, I saw him. (can’t) 第10组： ... ...