2026年中考英语专题复习讲义——非谓语动词（一）（含答案）

中考英语专题复习讲义———非谓语动词（一） 考点1：不定式的基本形式与特征 (to do) ●用法精讲： 形式：to + 动词原形 (如：to study, to go)。 特征：表示动作尚未发生，常带有“目的性”或“将来性”。 句法功能：可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。 ●速记口诀：to do表目的将来。 ●典型例题： ___ a foreign language well requires practice. (To learn) He promised ___ me with my homework. (to help) ●举一反三： ___ is human, to forgive divine. (To err) She decided ___ abroad next year. (to study) It's important ___ healthy. (to stay) 考点2：动名词的基本形式与特征 (doing) ●用法精讲： 形式：动词原形 + ing (如：studying, going)。 特征：表示动作的抽象概念、习惯性或进行性，具有名词性质。 句法功能：主要作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 ●速记口诀：doing名性质，表习惯或进行。 ●典型例题： ___ is good for your health. (Swimming) I enjoy ___ novels in my free time. (reading) ●举一反三： ___ too much is harmful. (Smoking) His hobby is ___ stamps. (collecting) The ___ room is on the third floor. (meeting) 考点3：现在分词的基本形式与特征 (doing) ●用法精讲： 形式：动词原形 + ing (形式与动名词相同)。 特征：表示主动或进行，具有形容词或副词性质。 句法功能：主要作定语、状语、宾语补足语、表语等。 ●速记口诀：doing作定状补，表主动或进行。 ●典型例题： The boy ___ under the tree is my brother. (sitting) ___ the news, she jumped with joy. (Hearing) ●举一反三： Look at the ___ stars in the sky. (twinkling) He came in, ___ a song. (singing) The story is ___. (moving) 考点4：过去分词的基本形式与特征 (done) ●用法精讲： 形式：规则动词：动词原形 + ed (如：worked, played)；不规则动词：需单独记忆 (如：gone, written)。 特征：表示被动或完成，具有形容词或副词性质。 句法功能：主要作定语、状语、宾语补足语、表语等。 ●速记口诀：done表被动完成。 ●典型例题： The window ___ yesterday has been fixed. (broken) ___ by the teacher, the student felt ashamed. (Criticized) ●举一反三： The ___ book is very popular. (published) He stood there, ___ by the scene. (amazed) I got my hair ___ yesterday. (cut) 考点5：不定式作主语 ●用法精讲： 不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 常用形式主语it代替，将不定式后置：It + be + adj./n. + (for sb) + to do sth。 ●速记口诀：不定式主语动单数，常用it替后置。 ●典型例题： ___ mistakes is human. (To make) It is important ___ hard. (to work) ●举一反三： ___ takes time. (To learn English) It is dangerous ___ here. (to swim) ___ is not allowed here. (To smoke) 考点6：动名词作主语 ●用法精讲： 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 常用于表示习惯性或抽象的行为。 ●速记口诀：动名词主语动单数，表习惯抽象行。 ●典型例题： ___ is her favorite sport. (Running) ___ before driving is important. (Checking the tires) ●举一反三： ___ too much sugar is bad for teeth. (Eating) ___ helps reduce stress. (Reading) ___ a lie is wrong. (Telling) 考点7：不定式作宾语 ●用法精讲： 常接不定式作宾语的动词：want, hope, decide, agree, plan, refuse, promise, learn, manage, offer, afford等。 ●速记口诀：想望决同计拒诺，学管提负接to do。 ●典型例题： He hopes ___ a doctor in the future. (to ... ...