(
课件网) 写作培优 高分进阶 第二部分 读后续写 第五讲 续写语言提升 由读后续写评分原则可知，读后续写作文对词汇应用的丰富性、准确性都做出了明确的要求。文中除了要准确使用词汇外，也要注意所用词汇的丰富性：减少基础词汇(如笼统词、低年级常用词等)的使用，培养使用复杂词汇(如具体词、派生词、短语等)的习惯，从而使文章内容更加生动、丰富，提升文章档次。 第一节 词汇升级 常用词汇升级方法如下： 基础用法 高级用法 低年级学习的词语 高年级学习的词语 笼统的词语(如walk) 具体的词语(如tiptoe，wander等) 单词(如visit) 短语(如pay a visit to) 单词原形(如happy) 单词的派生词(如happily, happiness等) 就读后续写来说，最主要的升级方法是笼统词变具体词和单词变短语。 类型1 笼统词变具体词 笼统词指一些描述范围较大、指向信息不明确的词语，而具体词往往是这类词语的具体描述。笼统词变具体词可以使叙述的内容更加准确，行文更加生动。 As soon as the puppy heard his footsteps, it ran towards him. 一听到他的脚步声，波比就朝他跑了过来。 如果将句中的 ran 改为 darted(飞奔，像飞镖一样射出去)，可以更准确地表现出小狗激动的情绪，使读者产生更直接的观感，这是笼统词变具体词的一大好处。但是在使用的时候也需要注意用词是否符合语境，如上句中，若将 run改为 sprint(冲刺)，则无法展现小狗对主人的友好，不符合句子的语境。 按照词性进行划分，常用的笼统词变具体词示例如下： 名词 笼统词 具体词 thing business(事情), issue(问题), affair(事件), matter(事态), event(大事), trifle(琐事) advantage virtue(优点；长处), merit(优点；价值), benefit(优势；益处) disadvantage shortcoming(缺点；短处), drawback(缺点；不利条件), demerit(短处) top climax(极点；顶点), peak (顶峰), summit(最高点；顶点) way method(方法；办法), approach(方式；方法), avenue(途径；手段) 形容词和副词 笼统词 具体词 beautiful handsome(英俊的), attractive (吸引人的), graceful(优雅的), fine(精美的) glad excited(兴奋的), pleasant(愉快的), joyful(欢喜的) important vital(至关重要的), critical(决定性的), significant(意义重大的), primary(首要的), profound(深刻的) bad mean(刻薄), evil(邪恶的), selfish(自私的), disgusting(令人厌恶的) 形容词和副词 good excellent(优秀的), awesome(令人惊叹的), outstanding(杰出的) poor impoverished(赤贫的), needy(贫困的), poverty-stricken(一贫如洗的) very terribly (极度 地), extremely(极 其), highly(非常), greatly(大大地) all completely(彻 底地), absolutely(绝对地), fully(充分地) only merely(只不过), solely(单独地；唯一地) 即时演练1 结合语境，将句中笼统词替换成具体词以优化表达 1．I decided that I am very bad.I've been mainly concerned with myself. →I decided that I am very _____.I've been mainly concerned with myself. 2．It was only a flicker of light in the distance, yet it filled them with hope. →It was _____ a flicker of light in the distance, yet it filled them with hope. selfish merely 3．Feeling tired and helpless, Mauro left a goodbye note to his wife on the wall of the tomb and prepared to meet his untimely end. →Feeling _____ and _____, Mauro left a goodbye note to his wife on the wall of the tomb and prepared to meet his untimely end. 4．Seeing this, the guy quickly let go of K ... ...
