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课件网) UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD Discovering Useful Structures Presentation 定语从句（二） 定语从句中，关系副词的核心是：代替“介词 + 关系代词”，在从句中仅作状语。 核心本质 关系副词（when/where/why）本质是 “介词 + which” 的省略形式，作用是在从句中补充 “时间、地点、原因” 状语，不充当主语或宾语。 核心逻辑： 先行词是时间→用 when（= 介词 + which）； 先行词是地点→用 where（= 介词 + which）； 先行词是 reason→用 why（= 介词 + which）。 关系副词的具体用法 1. when（表时间） 适用场景：先行词是时间名词（time/day/year/hour/moment 等），从句缺时间状语。 等价替换：when = on/in/at/during + which（根据先行词搭配的介词确定）。 例句： I still remember the day when we first met. =I still remember the day on which we first met. I won`t forget the year when I joined the club. =I won`t forget the year in which I joined the club. 2. where（表地点） 适用场景：先行词是地点名词（place/city/school/house/village 等），从句缺地点状语。 等价替换：where = in/at/on + which（根据先行词搭配的介词确定）。 例句： We visited the village where his grandparents live. =We visited the village in which his grandparents live. 注意：若先行词是地点名词，但从句缺主语 / 宾语，需用关系代词 that/which，而非 where。 正确：This is the factory which makes cars.（从句缺主语，用 which） 错误：This is the factory where makes cars. 3. why（表原因） 适用场景：先行词仅为 reason（唯一限定），从句缺原因状语。 等价替换：why = for which（固定搭配，reason 与介词 for 连用）。 例句： Do you know the reason why he was late =Do you know the reason for which he was late The reason why she cried is still unknown. =The reason for which she cried is still unknown. 注意：若 reason 在从句中作主语 / 宾语，需用 that/which，而非 why。 正确：The reason that he gave is not true.（从句缺宾语，用 that） 错误：The reason why he gave is not true. 易混点区分 关系副词与关系代词的判断：看从句成分 ——— 缺状语用关系副词；缺主语 / 宾语用关系代词。 非限制性定语从句中，关系副词仍可使用（无逗号限制），但不能用 that 替换。 例句：We went to Beijing, where we visited the Great Wall. 2. 先行词为抽象地点时（如 situation/condition/case/job 等），常用 where 引导。 例句：He is in a situation where he has to make a choice. 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 先行词/成分 关系代词 关系代词 指人/作主 who/that who 指人/作宾 who/whom/that whom 指人(物)/作定 whose whose 指物/作主 which/that which 指物/作宾 which/that which 先行词/成分 关系副词 时间名词/时间状语 when（介词+which） 地点名词/地点状语 where（介词+which） reason/原因状语 why（for+which） P64 限制性定语从句 1. 时间（修饰a time） 2. 地点（修饰one unified country） 3. 原因（修饰reasons） 4. 地点（修饰animal bones and shells） P64 P64 where/in which when/on which where/at which that/which why P64 A: What kind of day makes you happy B: It’s a day when I spend time with my family. A: What’s your favourite place at school B: It’s the library, because it is a place where I can read quietly. A: What kind of teachers do you ... ...
