专题四 语法填空 第二讲 专攻重难(1)——谓语动词与非谓语动词 课件（共31张）+学案--2026届高中英语二轮专题复习

第二讲　专攻重难(1)—谓语动词与非谓语动词 谓语动词主要由实义动词(短语)充当，其在句中作谓语。一个简单句可以有一个谓语动词或多个并列的谓语动词。谓语动词的形式变化主要包括时态、语态和主谓一致的变化。非谓语动词是指在句中不作谓语的动词，没有人称和数的变化，它包括v. ing形式、v. ed形式和to do形式。 一、“两步”破解谓语动词和非谓语动词 第一步：分析结构 一个简单句有且只能有一个谓语动词。若是由多个简单句组成的并列句，则有几个简单句就应有几个谓语动词。这些句子中除了谓语动词以外的动词形式都是非谓语动词。 第二步：确定形式 谓语动词常考的时态有“一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时和过去完成时”，可以依据句中的时间状语或上下文的时态或语境来确定填哪种时态。非谓语动词常考的形式有“to do不定式，v. ing形式和v. ed形式”。同时，还要注意对谓语动词的被动语态与主谓一致，以及非谓语动词的被动形式的考查。 表一：谓语动词的常考时态 时态 主动语态(以do为例) 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are done 一般过去时 did was/were done 现在完成时 has/have done has/have been done 过去完成时 had done had been done 表二：非谓语动词的常考形式、时态与意义 非谓语动词 主动式 被动式 动作发生的时间 意义 动词不定式 to do to be done 在谓语动作后发生 表具体事件、表未完成、表目的 现在分词 doing being done 同谓语动作同时发生 表主动、表同时进行 过去分词 无 done 在谓语动作之前发生 表被动、强调影响 　　[典例]　(2025·全国Ⅱ卷) I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States.Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, __1__ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free range, and __2__ (center) heating doesn't exist. Nothing in my life before prepared me __3__ this one — and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area.But it's amazing how you can adapt __4__ learn in a new environment.Over time, I've found __5__ (I) feeling extremely at home here.And in the process, I've experienced things that really surprise me at times.The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes __6__ (be) one of them. Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance __7__ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.The sun dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the __8__ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky __9__ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt __10__ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders. 　　　　　　　[解题技法例析](以6、7题为例) 第一步：分析结构 第6题所在句是简单句，句子的主语是The “sunshine scent (香味)”， sunned是过去分词作定语修饰 clothes，除题空外，句中无谓语动词，故可判定第6题空处是“谓语动词”。 第7题所在句是简单句，句中“used”是谓语动词， Growing ...和denying 都是非谓语动词，故可判断出空处应填非谓语动词。 第二步：确定形式 第6题结合上下文语境可判断出，该空应用一般现在时，再结合句意和主语的 ... ...