专题三　达标精练 技能强化（学生版+答案版） 2026年中考物理一轮专题复习（江西）

专题三　计算题突破 INCLUDEPICTURE "课后检测能力达标.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "课后检测能力达标.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "课后检测能力达标.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "课后检测能力达标.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "课后检测能力达标.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "课后检测能力达标.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT 1．(7分)如图所示，在某次冰壶运动中，运动员用30 N的水平力将冰壶从A点推至B点后放手，用时2 s，随后离手后的冰壶沿水平方向继续滑行至O点停止，用时8 s．如图乙所示，A点到O点的距离是30 m，A点到B点的距离是4 m．求： (1)冰壶从A点到O点的平均速度；(3分) (2)投掷过程中运动员对冰壶做功的功率．(4分) INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-626.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-626.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-626.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-626.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-626.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-627.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-627.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-627.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-627.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-627.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT 甲 乙 2．(8分)重力为1 680 N的建筑材料，放在工地的水平地面上，用如图所示的滑轮组将建筑材料匀速提升了3 m，滑轮组的机械效率是84%.试求： (1)滑轮组做的有用功是多少？(4分) (2)电动机对钢丝绳的拉力F是多大？(4分) INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-628.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-628.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-628.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-628.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-628.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT 3．(7分)近两年，新能源汽车发展迅速，如图所示，一辆新能源汽车搭载了能量为45 kW·h的电池包，在某次测试中，该车匀速行驶了40 km，用时30 min，电池的电量从80%下降到70%，匀速行驶时所受的阻力为350 N．求： (1)该电动车牵引力做的功；(3分) (2)该电动车工作的效率是多少？(小数点后保留一位小数)(4分) INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-624.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-624.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-624.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-624.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-624.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT 4．(8分)如图甲所示，吊车利用伸缩撑杆可使吊臂绕O点缓慢转动向上起吊货物．起吊时，伸缩撑杆对吊臂的支持力F始终与吊臂垂直，且作用点不变．将其简化成如图乙所示的杠杆，不计吊臂和钢丝绳的自重，若货物总质量为1 t，l1＝0.5 m，l2＝1.6 m，货物上升的高度为50 cm，g取10 N/kg.求在此过程中： (1)伸缩撑杆对吊臂的支持力F；(2分) (2)钢丝绳对货物拉力所做的功；(3分) (3)试分析说明在吊起货物的过程中，随着吊臂的升高，支持力F大小如何变化？(3分) INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-629.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-629.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-629.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-629.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-629.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-630.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-630.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-630.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-630.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "25W-630.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT 甲 乙 5．(8分)(2025·江西模拟预测)如图所示，“潜龙三号”是我国自主研制的潜水器，长3.5 m，高1.5 m，平均宽度约1 m，体积约6 m3，最大下潜深度为4 000 m，体形像“小丑鱼”．在首次海试中：(ρ海水取1.0×103 kg/m3，g取10 N/kg) INCLUDEPICTURE "26JXWL-293.tif" INCLUDEP ... ...