(
课件网) 句子 类型 简单句 并列句 复合句 主句 形容词性从句 (定语从句) 名词性从句 副词性从句(状语从句) 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 从句 Definition and types: Mary is a student. Mary is a student, and she is into painting. Mary is a student who is into painting. Who is into painting is a student named Mary. Mary, a student, was into painting, when she was seven years old. 简单句:只包含一个主谓结构(主语 + 谓语) 的句子,是英语句子的 “基本单位”,不能再拆分为更简单的独立分句。 并列句:由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接在一起的句子叫并列句。并列连词有and,but,so, for等。 复合句:由一个独立分句(又称 “主句”)和一个或多个从属分句(又称 “从句”) 构成的句子。其中,主句能够单独作为完整句子存在(语法完整、语义独立),而从句无法独立成句,必须通过 “从属连词”或 “关系词”,依附于独立分句,在句中承担特定语法功能(如作状语、定语、宾语等),二者形成 “主次依存” 的逻辑关系。包括定语从句,名词性从句,状语从句。 一、什么是主语从句 在主从复合句中,充当主语的从句是主语从句。它是名词性从句的一种。 为了避免主语显得过长,尤其是陈述句作主语从句时,可以用 it 作句子的形式主语,把主语从句移到句子的末尾。 What the children in the area starve for are books. It is very important that a student should learn English well. 分析句子成分 缺主宾 表定 缺状语 用连接代词 用连接副词 根据语意缺什么补什么 主语从句的引导词 类别 连接词 说明 从属连词 两者在从句中均不作成分,只起连接作用; 连接代词 连接副词 that,whether, if who,whom,what,which,whose,whoever,whatever,whichever等 when,where,how,why whether 表“是否”,不省略 that无实义, 不缺 根据句意选择 that whether/if 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分;且有一定语意。 在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分,且有一定语意。 1.That he will pass the exam is certain. 2.Whether he will pass the exam is uncertain. that _____成分,____意义, _____省略。 whether _____成分,____意义, 译为_____。 不做 是否 无 不能 不做 有 Compare and Discover 1 1.Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided. 2. What she said is true. 3. Which book I shall choose hasn’t been decided. 4.Whom she saw didn't matter. who在主语从句中充当 _____, 译为 _____。 what在主语从句中充当 _____, 译为 _____。 which在主语从句中充当 _____, 译为 _____。 whom在主语从句中充当_____, 译为 _____ 主语, 谁 宾语, 什么... 定语 哪一 Compare and Discover 2 宾语 谁 1.Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 2.Whatever he did was right. Compare and Discover 3 whoever在主语从句中充当 _____, 译为 _____。 whatever 在主语从句中充当 _____, 译为 _____。 主语 无论谁 宾语 无论什么 1. When they will start is not known yet. 2. Where she is from is unknown. 3. Why he was late is not important now. 4. How he became a great scientist is known to us all. when在主语从句中充当 _____, 译为 _____。 where在主语从句中充当 _____,译为 _____。 why在主语从句中充当 _____, 译为 _____。 how在主语从句中充当 _____, 译为 _____。 状语 何时 状语 何地 状语 为什么 状语 怎样 Compare and Discover 4 1. [2020·江苏卷] I ... ...