(
课件网) College Entrance Examination –English Reading Comprehension 高考英语阅读理解—主旨大意题 英语考纲--阅读 要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。 考生应能： （1）理解主旨要义； （2）理解文中具体信息； （3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义； （4）做出判断和推理； （5）理解文章的基本结构； （6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。 阅读题型 细节理解 猜测词义 推理判断 主旨大意 观点态度 篇章结构 解题技巧 细节理解 词义猜测 推理判断 主旨大意 观点态度 篇章结构 主旨大意题 加工与浓缩信息的能力 考察要点： 这类试题主要考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，也包括分析归纳文章的段落大意、重要情节、人物特征、环境特点的能力。这种试题要求考生能把握文章的总体，并真正理解主题和中心句；要求能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法，难度较大，属于高层次题。 主题句（topic sentence）及主旨大意(main idea)的概括 : 一篇文章或一个段落一般表达一个中心内容或主题。主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文或全段的主要内容，具有高度的综合性和概括性。文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释,说明,论证或扩展. 主旨大意题 标题 文章主旨 段落主旨 Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. 1 Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Example to try to judge a person only by his appearance So, it is foolish 2 Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying tohide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance Example called “bait and switch This sales method is”. 3 If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only ＄79. Two days sale. Hu- -rry.” However, when you go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you” It costs ＄395. ”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. Buying things on sale needs careful consideration of the goods and the reason for the sale. 例题 called “bait and switch Example This sales method is”. 4 Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation ... ...
