非谓语动词 知识清单 1．概念：非谓语动词即在句子中不作谓语的_____ 形式。 2．形式：非谓语动词主要有如下几个形式：-ing形式，即动名词及_____；过去分词，包括﹣ed 形式及不规则变化的动词过去分词；_____，包括带 to 及不带 to 的动词原形。非谓语动词的否定形式只需在其前用_____never 等否定副词。 3．分类：动名词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式 注意：动名词具有两种形式，即一般式和完成式。一般在强调事件的先后顺序或强调结果时才会用完成形式，即含 having 的形式。而强调进行或连续时用含 being done 或 doing的形式，不是很常用，多见于高中考题中。4．功能：非谓语动词可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。 考点聚焦 一、动名词的用法 1．动名词相当于_____ ，所以可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。动名词可以用所有格形式呈现其主语，形成"所有格＋动词﹣ing"形式的复合动名词。作定语时要注意其与现在分词作定语的区别，两者均为动词﹣ing形式，如果所修饰的词能发出或承受该动词的动作，则为现在分词，不能则为动名词。 2．有些动词及动词短语，只能以动词的﹣ing形式（_____）作宾语，而不以不定式作宾语， 如： enjoy, keep, practice, finish, succeed (in), advise, suggest, allow, consider, avoid, miss, mind, imagine, risk, es-cape, look forward to, pay attention to,be used to （习惯于）, come / get / go back to （回到做某事上）, be worth, can't help （禁不住）, be busy (in), give up, feel like,have problems / difficulty / trouble (in),spend time (in) 等。 易错辨析 有些动词或动词短语以﹣ing 形式（动名词）作宾语，含被动意义而非主动意义。 如： The letter needs writing at once. = The letter needs to be written at once. 此类动词（短语）有：need, re-quire, want, be worth 等。主动还是被动形式要由主语与其后动名词宾语的关系来 决定。 同步跟踪 1._____sports is very good for our health. A.Do B.Doing C.Done 2. They all enjoy_____in the clear lake with trees and grass around. A.swim B. to swim C. swimming 3. The cause of the accident is_____over the fence to cross the road. A. he jumping B. him jumped C. his jumping 4. There is a big_____ car between the two common cars. A. slept B. to sleep C. sleeping 5. All the children enjoy _____with animals on the farm. A.play B. to play C. playing 6.The athlete kept_____and at last he succeeded his first world championship （冠军）. A. training, winning B. training, to win C.to train, in winning 7. - Do you mind_____the bike here - Of course not. Go ahead. A. to put B. my putting C. put 8.We all miss _____with the honest and friendly villagers. A. stay B.to stay C. staying 9. I'm sorry to hear that you missed_____ the wonderful match last week. A. watching B. to watch C.watched 10. Students should pay attention to _____when they hear something useful in class. A.take notes B. taking notes C. took notes 11. They felt like _____ with the window open in a hot summer. A. to sleep B. slept C.sleeping 12.- We need_____enough books to get enough knowledge. - Yes. Many books need A. to read, reading B. reading, reading C. read, to read 13. It's true that everything here is worth_____ I can't decide which_____ A. buying, buying B. buying, to buy C. to buy, to buy 14. Homework requires ... ...
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