情态动词 can 和 could 的用法 *情态动词can的用法 1.较直接请求自己被允许做某事 这种用法比较口语化、随意，常用于朋友、家人或熟人之间的交流 e.g.—Can I put the new clock on the wall 我可以把这个新时钟挂在墙上吗？ —Yes. / Sure. / Certainly.可以。/当然可以。/当然。 —No/Sorry, you can't.不/抱歉，你不可以。 2.较直接请求他人做某事 这种表达也比较直接和日常，在不太正式的场合使用较多 e.g.—Can you help me hang up the photos 你能帮我把这些照片挂起来吗？ —Sure./No problem. 当然可以。/没问题。 —Sorry/No. I can't.抱歉/不，我不能。 3.其他 1.表示体力或智力上的能力 e.g. Nancy can swim. 南希会游泳。 2.表示可能性 e.g. It can be true. 这可能是真的。 *情态动词could 1.could为can的过去式，表示“过去的能力和可能性” —Could you swim when you were five years old 当你五岁时,你会游泳吗？ —Yes, I could. / No, I couldn't. 是的,我会。/不,我不会。 2.表示请求的问句及回答 A:委婉地请求别人做某事 Could you(please)+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答： Certainly. /Of course. /With pleasure. /Yes, sure. /No problem...(不能用could) 否定回答： No, I can't. /Certainly not. /Sorry, I'm afraid not...(不能用couldn't) B:委婉地请求别人允许自己做某事 Could I+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Certainly. / Yes, sure. / Yes, you can...(不能用could) 否定回答：No, you can't. / Sorry, I'm afraid you can't...(不能用couldn't) 3.表示建议 “You could...”表示提建议“你可以 ” You could go to school by bike.你可以骑自行车上学。 4.表示推测 对现在或将来的推测“可能” This book could be Jack's.这本书可能是杰克的。 基础练习 一、根据语境,选词填空。 1. Could you please _____ (pass/passing) me the salt, Lisa 2. _____ (can/could) you play basketball when you were in primary school 3. Mom, _____ (would/can) I invite some friends to the party on Sunday evening 4.—Could I give away these books to the poor children, Dad —Sure, you _____ (can/could). 5.—Could you please lend me your English dictionary, Jenny —Sorry, I _____ (can't/couldn't). Linda borrowed it ten minutes ago. 二、根据汉语提示补全对话，每空一词。 6.—Mom, _____I _____ _____ to the supermarket with you （我能和你一起去超市吗）？ —Yes, you _____ 7.—Gina, _____you _____ _____ _____ look after my pet dog（你可以帮我照顾我的宠物狗吗） I will be away for about two weeks. —With pleasure. I will take good care of it. 8.—You _____ _____ her a letter to say sorry to her. （你可以给她写封信向她道歉）. —Sounds great. 9.—We _____ _____ in the river in the past. （我们过去可以在河里游泳）. —Yes. But the river isn't clean any more now. 10.—I think the guitar is Sarah's. —I don't agree with you. She _____ _____ _____ _____（她不会弹吉他）. So it can't be hers. 综合练习 一、单项选择 1．—What _____ I do when my parents don’t agree with me —You _____ talk with them and let them know your thoughts. A．needn’t; should B．could; shouldn’t C．can; can’t D．should; can 2．—Will you please stay here for the party —Sorry, I _____. I’ll have to go to an important meeting. A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．won’t 3．—_____ I move the table in the living room It takes ... ...
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