读后续写 情感描写与人物塑造讲义素材-2026届高考英语一轮复习

高考英语读后续写高分指南--情感描写与人物塑造专题(附词汇和金句) 一、“展示而非讲述”原则的深度运用 为什么“展示”优于“讲述”？ - 讲述(Telling)：直接告诉读者情感状态 → 被动接受，印象不深 - 展示(Showing)：通过细节让读者自己感受 → 主动参与，印象深刻 五级展示法：从基础到高级 Level 1：直接讲述（应避免） - "She was very nervous." Level 2：基础展示（身体反应） - "Her hands trembled slightly." Level 3：中级展示（多细节组合） - "She twisted the edge of her shirt, her knuckles white with tension." Level 4：高级展示（比喻+感官） - "Nervousness fluttered in her stomach like a trapped bird, and the silence in the room grew so thick she could barely breathe." Level 5：大师级展示（心理过程） - "The words she had practiced all morning dissolved on her tongue. Each second of silence stretched like a rubber band nearing its breaking point. She searched the faces before her, seeking one nod of encouragement—just one—to anchor her courage." 情感展示工具箱 1. 身体反应库（按情感分类） 紧张/焦虑时： - 手：hands tremble/shake, fingers fumble, nails dig into palms - 呼吸：breath catches/hitches, shallow breathing, holds breath - 面部：brow furrows, bites lower lip, jaw tightens - 整体：shifts weight from foot to foot, paces restlessly 高兴/兴奋时： - 面部：eyes sparkle, grin spreads, cheeks flush with pleasure - 身体：bounces on toes, claps hands, hugs oneself - 声音：laughter bubbles up, voice lifts with joy 悲伤/失落时： - 肩膀：shoulders slump, hunches over - 眼睛：eyes glisten with unshed tears, gaze drops to floor - 动作：wraps arms around oneself, draws knees to chest 愤怒时： - 面部：nostrils flare, eyes narrow, jaw clenches - 手：fists clench and unclench, grips object tightly - 身体：stands rigidly, muscles tense 2. 感官细节展示法 第 1 页 共 11 页 视觉细节： - 不是"He was angry"，而是"A vein throbbed at his temple." - 不是"She was happy"，而是"Her smile reached her eyes, crinkling the corners." 听觉细节： - 不是"Silence fell"，而是"The only sound was the frantic ticking of the clock." - 不是"She spoke nervously"，而是"Her voice wavered like a candle flame in the wind." 触觉细节： - 不是"He was cold"，而是"Goosebumps rose on his arms despite the warm room." - 不是"She felt relieved"，而是"The tight knot in her chest slowly loosened." 3. 环境反射法 让人物的情感影响他们对环境的感知： - 高兴时："Sunlight streamed through the window, painting golden patterns on the floor." - 悲伤时："Rain streaked the window like tears on a glass." - 焦虑时："Shadows in the corner seemed to shift and move." 二、内心独白的艺术 直接思想 vs 间接思想 直接思想（更生动）： - 使用第一人称，现在时 - 常用引导词：I wondered, I thought, Maybe..., What if... - 示例："What if I fail " The thought whispered through my mind. 间接思想（更正式）： - 使用第三人称，过去时 - 常用引导词：He wondered if, She asked herself whether - 示例：He wondered if he had made the right choice. 内心独白的四种形式 1. 问题式（适合犹豫、怀疑） - "Could I really do this " - "Was it worth the risk " - "Why did I always ... ...