阅读理解 （2025·甘肃白银·三模）A recent study done by Colorado State University has shown that elephants may be the first non-human animals to call each other by name. The wild African elephants the study looked at were found to use specific calls for individuals. These calls are the equivalent of human names. The study is still awaiting peer review but offers exciting new insight into animal communication and language. The sounds elephants produce range from loud trumpeting to infrasound that is too low to be heard by humans. Elephants also use touch, smell, and visual signals to communicate with each other. Additionally, studies have shown that elephants may use vibrations to communicate with each other over long distances. The study done by Colorado State University focused on sound. The researchers looked at the sounds produced by groups of wild African elephants in two regions. They were the elephants of the Samburu ecosystem and the Amboseli National Park. The dataset collected by the researchers looked at 625 calls. Within these 625 calls, the researchers were able to recognize 114 unique initiators, or the elephants who made the calls. Additionally, they identified 119 elephants who were receiving the calls. The study restricted the calls analyzed to those aimed at a single elephant to determine if the calls contained unique identifiers. By subjecting the data they collected to several tests, the researchers found that the elephant to whom the call was referring could be identified at a rate better than chance. By playing recordings of their “names” back to them, the researchers found that the elephants were more likely to approach the speaker when they heard their “name” than when they heard control calls. This study is the first to point to non-human animals using names to refer to each other. Although researchers have long been aware of elephants’ complex social dynamics, these findings add a new layer of complexity to the understanding of this species. Elephants are intelligent creatures with complex social dynamics. Sadly, they are often kept in captivity in cruel conditions. 1．How do elephants communicate over great distances A．Using infrasound. B．Through vibrations. C．Using visual signals. D．Through loud cries. 2．What is the purpose of paragraph 3 in the text A．To describe the research method. B．To show how elephants communicate. C．To explain the social dynamics of elephants. D．To introduce the geographical locations of the study. 3．Which best describes the attitude of the author towards the findings A．Skeptical. B．Indifferent. C．Positive. D．Cautious. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text A．Elephants and their unique problem-solving methods B．Study finds elephants call each other by name C．The intelligence of wild African elephants D．The various calls of African elephants 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。研究发现，非洲野象使用特定的叫声称呼特定的大象，这与人类类 ... ...
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