练11 主旨大意题———全文大意题 限时18分钟 外刊原味11 体裁:说明文 主题语境:自然生态与现代技术 难度:★★★ @ The Economist The rainforests are alive with the sound of animals. Besides its pleasure, it is useful to ecologists. If you want to measure the biodiversity of a piece of land, listening out for animal calls is much easier than searching for tracks. But such “bioacoustic analysis” is time-consuming, and it requires expert ears. In a paper in Nature Communications, researchers led by ecologist J rg Müller, describe a better way: using computers. Smartphone apps already identify birds, bats or mammals via their sounds. Their idea was to apply this to conservation. The researchers took recordings from across 43 sites in the Ecuadorean rainforest: relatively unspoiled, old-growth forest, and areas recently cleared for pasture (牧场) or cacao planting. And some had been cleared but abandoned, allowing the forest to regrow. Sound recordings were taken four times hourly over two weeks. Calls were identified manually, and then used to construct a list of the species present. As expected, the longer the land had been free from agricultural activity, the greater the biodiversity it hosted. Then it was the computer’s turn. The researchers fed their recordings to AI models that had been trained, using sound samples from elsewhere in Ecuador, to identify 75 bird species.“AI tools could identify the sounds as well as experts,” says Dr Müller. Since not all rainforest creatures make a noise, they used light-traps to capture night-flying insects, and DNA analysis to identify them. Reassuringly, the diversity of noisy animals reliably indicated the diversity of quieter ones. The results matter beyond ecology. Firms like L’Oreal and Shell fund global forest restoration projects. Dr Müller hopes that an automated approach to checking on the results could help monitor such efforts, and give a standardised way to measure whether they are working as well as their sponsors say. 1.What is the disadvantage of traditional bioacoustic analysis A. It is harmful to animals. B. It takes much time and expertise. C. It fails to identify rare species. D. It depends on special equipment. 2.What can be inferred about the researchers’ experiment sites A. They focus on cacao farmlands. B. They include agricultural areas. C. They represent varied land conditions. D. They are located in multiple countries. 3.What is Dr Müller’s attitude towards the AI’s performance in identifying bird sounds A. Satisfied. B. Objective. C. Critical. D. Ambiguous. 4.What is the main idea of the text A. AI is applied to forest conservation. B. Advanced listening apps aid biodiversity analysis. C. AI can catalogue forests’ inhabitants by listening. D. Animal sounds help indicate ecosystem health. (2025·浙江Z20名校联盟三模) 体裁:说明文 主题语境:科学研究 难度:★★★ More than 1,000 metres below the surface of the oceans, darkness dominates. Marine creatures rely on sound for navi ... ...
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