名词单复数用法及习题 一、核心概念 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词两大类，可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，不可数名词没有复数形式。 可数名词：可以直接计数的名词，如 book, pen, student 不可数名词：无法直接计数的名词，如 water, milk, rice 二、可数名词单数变复数规则 1. 规则变化 变化规则 例词 一般情况直接加 -s book → books; pen → pens; desk → desks 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的词加 -es bus → buses; box → boxes; watch → watches; brush → brushes 以 o 结尾的词，有生命加 -es，无生命加 -s 有生命：potato → potatoes; tomato → tomatoes; hero → heroes 无生命：photo → photos; piano → pianos; zoo → zoos 以 辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 -es city → cities; baby → babies; family → families 以 元音字母 + y 结尾，直接加 -s boy → boys; toy → toys; day → days 以 f/fe 结尾，变 f/fe 为 v 加 -es knife → knives; leaf → leaves; wolf → wolves; wife → wives 不规则变化（需特殊记忆） 变内部元音： man → men; woman → women; foot → feet; tooth → teeth; mouse → mice 单复数同形： sheep → sheep; deer → deer; fish → fish（鱼的数量） 其他特殊变化： child → children; person → people 三、不可数名词的用法要点 不可数名词没有复数形式，不能直接用 a/an 修饰，也不能直接和具体数字连用。 a water; two rices a glass of water; two bowls of rice 表示数量时，需要搭配量词短语： 液体：a bottle of milk（一瓶牛奶）; three cups of tea（三杯茶） 固体：a piece of bread（一片面包）; two bags of rice（两袋大米） 不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 例：The water is clean. / The bread is delicious. 四、常见注意事项 有些名词看似复数，实则单数： news（新闻）, maths（数学）, physics（物理） 例：The news is very interesting. 有些名词只有复数形式： trousers（裤子）, shoes（鞋子）, glasses（眼镜） 例：These trousers are too long. 可数名词单数不能单独使用，前面需加 a/an, the 或形容词性物主代词。 I have book. → I have a book. / I have my book. 强化练习题 一、写出下列名词的复数形式 pen → _____ watch → _____ potato → _____ city → _____ knife → _____ child → _____ man → _____ sheep → _____ photo → _____ family → _____ 二、用所给名词的适当形式填空 There are three _____ (apple) on the table. I have two _____ (knife) in my bag. The _____ (child) are playing games in the park. There are many _____ (bus) on the road. She likes eating _____ (tomato) very much. These _____ (sheep) are very cute. My mother buys some _____ (potato) in the supermarket. There are five _____ (woman) teachers in our class. I can see some _____ (box) under the bed. The _____ (foot) of the boy are very big. 三、单项选择 There are two _____ in the tree. A. bird B. birds C. birdes I have three _____ and a bottle of milk. A. apple B. apples C. applees How many _____ do you have A. book B. books C. bookes These _____ are very delicious. A. tomato B. tomatos C. tomatoes There are some _____ on the desk. A. watch B. watchs C. watches I can see a lot of _____ in the river. A. fish B. fishs C. fishes Two _____ are talking under the tree. A. man B. mans C. men There is some _____ in the glass. A. waters B. water C. wateres T ... ...
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