
2025译林版牛津英语八上学霸必背知识清单 Unit 8 Safe and sound Word power 我们可以将两个单词组合起来创造新单词,这类新单词被称为复合词(compound words)。 (1)复合名词(compound nouns)的常见构成方式如下: 名词+名词 → thunderstorm(雷暴)、teamwork(团队合作)、snowball(雪球) 名词+动词 → earthquake(地震)、rainfall(降雨量)、sunrise(日出) 动词+名词 → passport(护照)、playground(操场)、driveway(车道) 形容词+名词 → whiteboard(白板)、software(软件)、gentleman(绅士) (2)部分复合词在构成时需要添加连字符(-): 表示方向/方位:north(北)+ east(东)→ north-east(东北) 表示属性/状态:part(部分)+ time(时间)→ part-time(兼职的) policeman (男)警察(可数名词,复数为policemen) policewoman 女警察(复数为policewomen) police n. 警察(“警察”的总称,前面常加定冠词;做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式) Two policemen are standing at the crossing to keep the traffic in order. 两名男警察正站在路口维持交通秩序。 That policewoman over there is my mother’s former classmate. 那边的那位女警察是我妈妈的老同学。 The police play an important role in protecting people’s safety. 警察在保护人们的安全方面发挥着重要作用。 Mum and Dad went to visit my grandparents in the countryside, so I was home alone last weekend. 上周末爸妈去乡下探望爷爷奶奶,我一个人在家。 visit vt. 看望;拜访;参观 visit sb. 看望/拜访某人 visit sp. 参观/访问某地 Our class plans to visit a big farm in the countryside next week.(我们班计划下周去乡下参观一个大农场。 visit n. 看望;拜访;参观 pay a visit to sb./sp. 拜访某人/参观某地 My teacher paid a visit to her old friend in the countryside last month.(我的老师上个月去乡下拜访了她的老朋友。 in the countryside在乡下 That was close—I nearly started a fire! 好险啊—我差点引发火灾! that was close 好险;差一点;侥幸躲过 That was close! I almost missed the last bus home. 差一点!我差点没赶上回家的末班车。 nearly adv. 几乎;将近;差点(侧重 “接近目标但未达成”,在肯定句或带有具体数字的句子中,可与 almost 互换);与 no, none, never, nothing, nobody 等否定词连用时,不能用 nearly,只能使用 almost。 She nearly finished her homework when her mother came back. 妈妈回来时,她几乎已经完成了作业。 Almost no one arrived late for the meeting this morning. 今天早上几乎没人开会迟到。 start a fire 引发火灾;点火 It's dangerous to start a fire in the dry forest. 在干燥的森林里点火是很危险的。 Integration The storm hit at about 9 p.m. 暴风雨大约在晚上 9 点来袭。 hit vt.&vi.(过去式为hit)袭击;来临 (用手、工具等)击打某人/某物(单次) A heavy rainstorm hit our town last night. 昨晚一场大暴雨袭击了我们的小镇。 She hit the table angrily when she heard the bad news. 听到坏消息时,她生气地拍了一下桌子。 beat vi.(连续)敲打;拍打(如鼓、翅膀等) The bird beat its wings hard and flew high into the sky.(小鸟用力地拍动翅膀,飞向了高空。 Right now, firemen are working hard to help them. 目前,消防员们正全力协助他们。 work hard to do sth. 努力做某事 work hard at sth. 在某方面努力 My sister works hard to improve her English every day. 我姐姐每天都努力提升 ... ...
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