
一般现在时 语法详解+专项练习 语法详解 (一)一般现在时的定义 一般现在时是用来表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态,以及客观事实、真理的时态。外研版七上Unit 2围绕校园生活乐趣、兴趣爱好展开,一般现在时是描述日常活动、个人喜好的核心时态,如I like music.、He plays the erhu every day.。 (二)一般现在时的构成 一般现在时的构成分主语为第三人称单数和主语为非第三人称单数两种情况,这是七年级上册的核心考点。 主语为非第三人称单数(I/we/you/they/复数名词) 实义动词:用动词原形。 例:I play basketball after school.;They like rock music. be动词:用am/is/are的对应形式(I→am,you/we/they→are)。 例:I am a student.;They are in the music club. 主语为第三人称单数(he/she/it/单数名词/不可数名词) 实义动词:动词后加第三人称单数形式。 be动词:用is。 例:She plays the erhu.;It is a guitar. (三)实义动词第三人称单数的变化规则 规则变化 一般情况直接加-s:play → plays,like → likes,listen → listens。 以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的动词加-es:pass → passes,watch → watches,wash → washes,go → goes,do → does。 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i再加-es:study → studies,fly → flies;以元音字母+y结尾的动词,直接加-s:play → plays,stay → stays。 不规则变化 特殊动词的三单形式需单独记忆:have → has,be → is,do → does,go → goes。 (四)一般现在时的用法 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态 常与频度副词连用:always、usually、often、sometimes、seldom、never;也可与时间状语连用:every day、every week、on Sundays。 例:He usually listens to music in the evening.;We go to school from Monday to Friday. 表示客观事实、真理或自然现象 例:The earth goes around the sun.;Music makes people happy. 表示现阶段的状态或性格特征 例:She likes rock music very much.;He is good at playing the piano. 表示按计划、时刻表将要发生的动作 例:The train leaves at 8 o'clock.(七年级上册拓展内容)。 (五)一般现在时的句式变换 肯定句 非三单:主语+动词原形/am/is/are+其他。 例:I like erhu music. 三单:主语+动词三单形式/is+其他。 例:He plays the guitar well. 否定句 实义动词: 非三单:主语+don't+动词原形+其他。 例:I don't like rock music. 三单:主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他。 例:She doesn't play the piano. be动词:主语+am/is/are+not+其他。 例:It is not a violin.;They are not in the music room. 一般疑问句 实义动词: 非三单:Do+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+do. 否定回答:No, 主语+don't. 例:—Do you like music —Yes, I do./No, I don't. 三单:Does+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+does. 否定回答:No, 主语+doesn't. 例:—Does he play the erhu —Yes, he does./No, he doesn't. be动词:Am/Is/Are+主语+其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+am/is/are. 否定回答:No, 主语+am/is/are+not. 例:—Is this a guitar —Yes, it is./No, it isn't. 特殊疑问句 结构:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句? 例:—What do you like —I like music. 例:—Who plays the erhu in your class —Li Ming does. (六)高频易错点 第三人称单数形式遗漏或错误 错误:He play the erhu every day.;She like rock music. 否定句中三单动词未还原 错误:He doesn't plays the guitar.;She doesn't likes music. be动词与实义动词连用 错误:I am like music.;He is play the erhu ... ...
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