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课件网) Unit 1 Unit 1 A new start Review: basic sentence structures 1. To review basic sentence structures 2. To learn to analyse the structure of the sentences from the text 3. To learn to finish a sentence in a right sentence structure If you want to express your ideas clearly and completely, which one will you choose, using words or sentences Sentences. What makes a sentence S (subject) V (verb) O (object) P (predicative) DO (direct object) IO (indirect object) C (object complement) A (adverbial) sentence elements Attr. (attributive) Do you know the sentence elements 主语 谓语 宾语 直接宾语 间接宾语 宾语补足语 表语 状语 定语 句子是表达思想的基本单位，主要句子成分有主语(S)、谓语(V)、宾语(O)、补语(C)、状语(A)、表语(P)、定语(Attr.)等。 1. 主语subject: 指句子所谈论的主体。 如: The teacher gave a speech. Beijing is the capital of China. 句子成分 2. 谓语verb：谓语指谓语部分的主要动词，通常说明主语所做的动作或主语的特征和状态。 如: Many students join school clubs. The weather is nice. 3. 宾语object：常指动作的对象。有的动词后面可以接两个宾语，常把其中表示人的宾语称为间接宾语(indirect object), 表示物的宾语称为直接宾语(direct object)。 如: We should develop good study habits. Jack offered me some helpful advice. 4. 补语complement：补语分为主语补语(subject complement)和宾语补语(object complement)，用来补充说明主语或宾语的特征或情况。 如: He is made chairman of the club. Listening to music makes me relaxed. 5. 状语adverbial：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。 如: Maggle plans her study carefully. Clearly, talking to him is a mistake. 6. 表语predicative：系动词后面的成分，常说明主语的身份、特征和状态。 常见连系动词有be、become、feel、look、seem等。 如: It’s a lovely day. I feel happy. 7. 定语attributive：修饰名词或代词。 如: I went to a large library yesterday. He doesn’t have anything to do at the moment. 常见句子结构(sentence structures)有七种: 1. 主谓：主语+谓语(SV)，谓语一般是不及物动词。如： The car stopped. 2. 主系表：主语+连系动词+表语(SVP)。如： Mary seemed pleased. 3. 主谓宾：主语+谓语+宾语(SVO)。如： I love ice cream. 句子结构 4. 主谓宾宾：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(SVOO)。 谓语是可跟双宾语的及物动词。如: Tom gave me a present. 5. 主谓宾补：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补语(SVOC)。如: We consider the work challenging. 6. 主谓状：主语+谓语+状语(SVA)。如: They work hard. 7. 主谓宾状: 主语+谓语+宾语+状语(SVOA)。如： We like the film very much. Analyse the following sentences. 1. They work hard. 主语 谓语 表语 2. The flower is dead. 主语 系动词 状语 【语境应用】 3. Plants need water. 主语 谓语 间宾 4. He gives me some seeds. 主语 谓语 宾语 直宾 5. We should keep the plants in the shade. 主语 谓语 宾语 6. We found her in tears. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 状语 Judge the sentence structures. 1) Everybody smiled. 2) The car caught fire. 3) Did the milk turn sour 4) He bought his wife a dress. 5) Roy found his new job rather boring. 6) Your brother got up at 10 o’clock. 7) I haven’t seen Daniel for long. SV SV ... ...
