人教版（2019）必修 第一册 Unit 5 Languages around the world 知识清单（素材）

Unit5 Languages Around the World 知识清单 核心词汇 language 语言 linguistics 语言学 mother tongue/native language 母语 foreign language 外语 second language 第二语言 official language 官方语言 dialect 方言 accent 口音 pronunciation 发音 grammar 语法 vocabulary 词汇 sentence structure 句子结构 character (汉字)字符 alphabet 字母表 script 文字系统 bilingual 双语的 multilingual 多语的 fluent 流利的 proficient 熟练的 communicate 交流 converse 交谈 master 掌握 acquire 习得 pick up (自然)学会 practice 练习 improve 提高 pronounce 发音 translate 翻译 interpret 口译 memorize 记忆 review 复习 culture 文化 cultural exchange 文化交流 global 全球的 international 国际的 diverse 多样的 diversity 多样性 identity 身份 heritage 遗产 tradition 传统 custom 习俗 misunderstanding 误解 stereotype 刻板印象 perspective 视角 worldview 世界观 evolve 演变 develop 发展 change 变化 disappear 消失 endangered 濒危的 extinct 灭绝的 ancient 古代的 modern 现代的 simplify 简化 standardize 标准化 variety 变体 influence 影响 borrow (词汇)借用 loanword 外来词 Mandarin 普通话 Cantonese 粤语 English 英语 Spanish 西班牙语 French 法语 German 德语 Arabic 阿拉伯语 Russian 俄语 Japanese 日语 Korean 韩语 二、词性变换 1. communicate v. → communication n. → communicative adj. 2. pronounce v. → pronunciation n. 3. translate v. → translation n. → translator n. 4. interpret v. → interpretation n. → interpreter n. 5. educate v. → education n. → educational adj. 6. practice v./n. → practical adj. → practically adv. 7. differ v. → difference n. → different adj. 8. vary v. → variety n. → various adj. 9. develop v. → development n. → developing/developed adj. 10. understand v. → understanding n. → understandable adj. 11. fluent adj. → fluency n. 12. proficient adj. → proficiency n. 13. accurate adj. → accuracy n. 14. confident adj. → confidence n. 15. important adj. → importance n. 16. necessary adj. → necessity n. 17. global adj. → globalization n. 18. cultural adj. → culture n. 三、重点短语与固定搭配 make progress 取得进步 make mistakes 犯错误 learn from errors 从错误中学习 build up vocabulary 积累词汇 improve one’s accent 改善口音 overcome difficulties 克服困难 keep practicing 坚持练习 stay motivated 保持动力 set goals 设定目标 take a course 参加课程 break the language barrier 打破语言障碍 get the message across 传达信息 make oneself understood 让别人理解自己 have a conversation 进行对话 express ideas 表达想法 share thoughts 分享想法 ask for clarification 要求澄清 avoid misunderstandings 避免误解 in other words 换句话说 to put it simply 简而言之 broaden one’s horizons 开阔眼界 gain insight into 深入了解 respect cultural differences 尊重文化差异 appreciate diversity 欣赏多样性 break down stereotypes 打破刻板印象 promote understanding 促进理解 connect with people 与人建立联系 bridge the gap 弥合差距 play a role in 在...中起作用 contribute to 有助于 lead to 导致 result in 造成...结果 vary from...to... 从...到...变化 depend on 取决于 be similar to 与...相似 differ from 与... ... ...