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课件网) 定语从句 系统讲解篇 What is the attribute (什么是定语?) 01 一、What is the attribute 一、What is the attribute 定语:给所修饰的名词(人、物) 下定义 Eg:Mary is a good teacher. 玛丽一个好老师。 (什么样的老师)? ———一个好的老师) 定语的百度定义: 用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 汉语翻译中中常用,“......的”表示。 What is the attribute clause (什么是定语从句?) 02 They have flowers which were bought yesterday. 他们有昨天买的花。 二、What is the attribute clause 和我爸爸聊天的男人是个老板。 The man who is talking with my father is a boss. 用来修饰限定名词或者代词的句子就是定语从句,翻译过来为“……的”。 二、What is the attribute clause Mary likes the book (that is full of good stories). 被修饰的名词 引导定语从句 定语从句 译文:玛丽喜欢这本(满是好故事的)书。 被修饰的名词 引导词 定语从句 John likes the schoolbag which ia his birthday’s present. 定语从句的结构: 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子 观察下列例句,总结出定语从句的结构。 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。通常位于定语从句之前。 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 that, which, who, whom, whose where, when,why 关系代词 (主语/宾语/定语) 关系副词 (状语) 关系词的作用:引导定语从句;代替先行词;在从句中充当句子成分。根据关系词在从句中充当的句子成分,关系词可以分为:关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词 03 1. who指人,在从句中做主语 1)The boys ____are playing soccer are from Class 1. 2)Yesterday I helped an old man ____lost his way. 2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,常可省略。 Mr. Liu is the person _____you talked about. 2) The man _____you met just now is my friend. (whom/who) who/whom who who 3. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。 1) The people _____come to visit the city are all here. (做主语) 2) Where is the man _____I saw this morning (做宾语) 做主语 做宾语 that/who that/whom/who 5. whose指人/物(先行词...的),在定语从句中做定语。 This homework whose author is Tony is heartbreaking. 定语(物) Miss Yang is an English teacher whose students don’t like English. 定语(人) 定语从句的关系代词 关系代词 可指代 从句中的成分 who whom which that whose 人 主语、宾语 人 宾语 物 主语、宾语 人、物 主语、宾语 人、物 定语 如何正确选择关系词 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 找到先行词 先行词代指人还是物 从句中缺少什么成分 选定恰当的关系词 口诀: 前看先行词, 辩清人或物 后看从句里, 有无主宾语 关系副词 04 关系副词的用法 1.观察先行词有什么特点? 2.从句中缺少什么成分? 1. This is the house 地点 where I lived 20 years ago 地点状语. 2. I still remember the day when I first met him. 3. Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me 的原因 如何选择关系代词OR关系副词 ① 从句缺少主、宾、定 关系代词 关系副词 ② 从句缺状语:时间,地点,原因 课后练习 05 概念填空 1. 构成要素 先行词:被定语从句修饰的 _____ 或 _____ 关系词:分为_____ ... ...