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课件网) Period 2 Learning About Language Unit 1 Science and scientists 一、定义 在主从复合句中充当表语的从句，叫作表语从句。它常位于系动词之后，用来说明主语是什么或怎么样。含表语从句的主从复合句的结构：主语＋系动词＋引导词＋表语从句。 表语从句 定语从句引导词： 关系代词 (从句中做主宾表定)：that，which, who, as, whom, whose 关系副词(从句中做状语)：when, where, why(先行词reason) 名词性从句：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句 连接词（从句中不做任何成分）：that, whether, if(是否) because因为, as if/ though好像(表从) 连接代词（从句中做主宾表定）：what, who, which, whom, whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever 连接副词（从句中做状语）：where, when, why, how, wherever, whenever, however, how long/much many/ soon/ often... 一、定语从句和名词性从句的引导词 注意事项（一）：从属连词that和whether引导的表语从句 ①that无意义，在表语从句中不充当成分，且不可省略； ②whether起连接作用，意为“是否”，在表语从句不充当句子成分，且不能与if互换，此时主句的主语常是抽象名词，如problem，question，reason，suggestion，chance，result。 The trouble is that she hasn’t found substantial （确凿的）proofs. The real issue is whether we have enough time to complete the task. 注意事项（二）连接代词引导的表语从句 连接代词who/whom/whose/what/which/whoever/whatever/...引导表语从句时，除了在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分，且本身具有词义。 The retired mechanic is no longer what he was.(what在从句中作表语) The most important is who will be in charge of the evening party. (who在从句中作主语) What puzzled him was which room was reserved for him.(which在从句中作定语)The problem is whose pens these are.(whose在从句中作定语) 注意事项（三）连接副词引导的表语从句 连接副词when，where，why，how除了在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还分别充当时间、地点、原因和方式状语，本身具有词义。 The problem is how we can handle the difficult problem. That’s where the famous astronomer is wrong. This is why many tourists choose to stay in this hotel. PS: when 和 where 的特殊用法 when: 1）什么时候 2）... 的时候 where: 1）哪里 2）...的地方 That is when he left home. 那是他离开家的时候。 That is where the accident happened. 那是事故发生的地方。 注意事项 （四）：why和because引导的表语从句的区别 That’s why... 意为“那是……的原因”，强调结果 That’s because... 意为“那是因为……”，强调原因 The reason why...is that... 意为“……的原因是……”，此处why引导的是定语从句，that引导的是表语从句 He always finds fault with me and that’s _____I get angry with him. 他总是找我的茬。那就是我生他气的原因。 I get angry with him，and that’s _____he always finds fault with me. 我生他的气。那是因为他总找我的茬。 The reason why I get angry with him is _____he always finds fault with me. 我生他的气的原因是他总找我的茬。 why because that 注意事项（五）名词性从句中的虚拟语气 如果主语是advice，suggestion，proposal，request，order等时，表语从句谓语动词的形式：(should＋)动词原形。 My proposal is that you (should) take in foods high in protein. 我的建 ... ...
