高中英语长难句“减法”破解妙术

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 高中英语长难句“减法”破解妙术 Ⅰ英语长难句的结构 举例：（2025新高考Ⅰ卷七选五） One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. 第一步：去掉介词短语：in a student（在某位同学身上）；before seeing her（在见她之前） 第二步：去掉非谓语：having a much better day （一天变得更好，作定语修饰student） 第三步：去掉从句： Murphy may not know；(Murphy或许不知道,定语从句修饰thing) that her smile……seeing her；(她的微笑具有感染力……，系动词is后作表语从句) than they were having （比他们之前有的，比较状语从句） 第四步：去掉并列结构：is contagious and can be the difference（具有感染力且有不同之处，并列谓语） One thing Murphy may not know is （that her smile is contagious and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. ） 第五步：提取主干：One thing is （一件事是） 第六步：整合句意：Murphy或许不知道的一件事是，她的微笑具有感染力，而且可能使某位学生的这一天变得比见到她之前要好得多。 Ⅱ长难句减法原则 第一步：去掉介词短语 （2024新高考Ⅱ卷C篇）Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. 第一步：去掉介词短语：inside the office(在办公室里面)；by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic(通过减少垃圾桶和避免单一使用的塑料) Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. 第二步：提取主干：they encourage recycling and waste reduction（他们鼓励回收利用和减少垃圾） 第三步：整合句意：在办公室里面，通过减少垃圾桶和避免单一使用的塑料的方式，他们鼓励回收利用和减少垃圾。 第二步：去掉非谓语 (2025新高考Ⅰ卷C篇)Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” 第一步：去掉介词短语： at its proposed replacement with an expressway（对公园将被高速公路取代的提议）；as a decent place（作为一个得体的地方） 第二步：去掉非谓语： describing her alarm(描述了她的震惊) to champion “New York（来声援纽约……；固定搭配call on sb to do sth中作宾语补足语） to live, and not just rush through.”（适合居住的，而非匆匆穿行的通道，作定语修饰place） Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” 第三步：提取主干：Jane Jacobs called on her mayor （Jane Jacobs呼吁她的市长） 第四步：整合句意：Jane Jacobs对公园将被高速公路取代的提议感到震惊，呼吁市长将纽约打造成“宜居之地，而非匆匆穿行的通道。 第三步：去掉从句 （2025新高考Ⅰ卷A篇）As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation, which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. 第一步：去掉介词短语：with transportation（交通的） 第二步： ... ...