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课件网) Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures Restrictive Relative Clause There were huge cracks. The cracks cut across roads and houses. There were huge cracks which/that cut across roads and houses. Observe and Find Lead-in Children were painful. The children’s parents died in the earthquake. Children whose parents died in the earthquake were painful. People were killed or badly injured. The number of people was more than 400,000. The number of people who/that were killed or badly injured was more than 400,000. What is relative clause 定语从句，或者说形容词性从句就是从句在句子中充当定语的作用，用来修饰前面名词或代词的句子。 A relative clause , or a adjective clause is a type of clause in a sentence that modifies a noun or pronoun in the independent sentence. The relative clause song 1.定语从句的构成 先行词 + 关系词 + 从句 名词或代词 关系代词和关系副词 The man who lives next door is a dentist. This is the store where I brought my bike. 作用： 1.引导定语从句 2.代替先行词 3.在定语从句中充当一个成分 2.定语从句的分类 e.g. The children，who were injured in a car accident，are being treated in the hospital now. 在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。 1. 限制性定语从句: 主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去。 e.g. I’d really like to find a friend who I can trust completely. 我真的很想找一个可以完全信任的朋友。 2. 非限制性定语从句：主句与从句之间用逗号分开，从句起补充说明作用，如果省去从句，主句的意思仍然完整 3.关系词 关系代词 所指代的先行词 在从句中所做成分 who 人 主语，宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语，宾语 that 人/物 主语，宾语 whose (人/物)的 定语 注意：做宾语可以省略 关系代词的用法 1.who指人，在从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 e.g.The number of people who were killed in the disaster was over 100. (作主语)在这场灾难中丧生的人数超过100人。 e.g. He is the athlete (who) I met yesterday. (作宾语)他就是我昨天遇到的那个运动员。 2. whom指人，在从句中作宾语，可省略，有时也可用who代替 e.g. The girl (who/whom) the soldier rescued yesterday is John’s sister.战士昨天救的那个女孩是约翰的妹妹。 e.g. The man (who/whom) you spoke to just now is my captain. 你刚才和他说话的那个人是我的队长。 3. which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略 e.g. Everywhere I saw，there were buildings which had been destroyed by the earthquake. (作主语)我所看到的每一处都有被地震摧毁的建筑物。 e.g. The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school. (作宾语)她赢得的金牌被送给了她的母校。 4. that既指人又指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略 e.g. Yesterday I read an article that was about natural disasters. (指物，作主语)昨天我读了一篇关于自然灾害的文章。 e.g.The woman (that) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal. (指人，作宾语)我在报纸上读到的那个女人刚刚赢得了金牌。 5. whose既指人又指物，在从句中修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格 e.g.This is the person whose story/the story of whom/of whom the story surprises everybody. (指人)这个人的故事使每个人都惊讶。 e ... ...
