中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 8B Unit1 重点语法提升练 单元语法：现在完成时（1） 一、现在完成时的用法： 时态 含义 结构 时间状语 现在完成时 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，或者表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 has/have+动词的过去分词形式 since，for，so far，already，yet，recently，ever，twice，in the last /past few years 二、现在完成时的句型结构： 三、动词的过去分词 （1）规则变化的动词的过去分词与其过去式的变化一样,在动词词尾加-ed。 直:call--called—called 去:move-moved-moved 改:study--studied—studied 双:plan--planned-planned （2）不规则变化的动词的过去式和过去分词可大致分为以下几种: A-A-A型: cost-cost-cost; hit-hit-hit ABB型: lend-lent-lent; teach-taught-taught ABC型: begin-began-begun; drink-drank-drunk ABA型: come-came-come; run-ran-run 四、现在完成时的用法辨析： （1）already意为“已经”用于肯定句；yet意为“还没，已经”用于否定句或疑问句。just意为"刚刚"，常用于肯定句中。 如：He has already told me the secret. 他已经告诉我这个秘密了。 I haven’t fed my pet dog yet. 我还没喂我的宠物狗。 I have just come back from Nanjing.我刚从南京回来。 （2）ever意为"曾经"，常用于疑问句中。never表示否定，意为"从未"。 如：Have you ever visited the Great Wall 你曾参观过长城吗 l've never heard of that man before.我l以前从未听说过那个人。 （3）for+一段时间，表示“持续……” since+ … ago / 过去时的句子，表示“自从……以来” 。 如：I have studied in this school for 3 years. 我已经在这所学校学习了三年。 I have studied in this school since 3 years ago. 我从三年前开始就在这所学校学习了。 I have studied in this school since I was 12 years old. 自从我12岁以来就在这学校学习了。 语法过关小测 满分：60分；时间：40分钟 一、单项选择（每小题1分，共40分） 1．—How long _____ you _____ your hobby of programming —For three years. A．do; keep B．did; keep C．have; kept D．will; keep 2．Since we _____ the volunteer programme last month, we _____ more than 200 volunteers. A．have started; had B．started; have C．have started; have D．started; have had 3．The New Year’s Eve Ball Drop in Times Square isn’t just an event. It _____ a tradition since 1907. A．is B．was C．has been D．had been 4．Mary won’t meet her parents tonight, because they _____ for Beijing already. A．are leaving B．will leave C．have left D．leave 5．Most people agree that technology _____ a big part of society so far. A．become B．became C．has become D．is becoming 6．—Several new parks _____ in Qinhuai over the years. —Great! Let’s take a walk there. A．open B．opened C．were open D．have been opened 7．—Nice to see you. I _____ you for a long time. —I_____ in Beijing. I’ve just come back. A．didn’t see; am B．haven’t seen; was C．didn’t see; was D．haven’t seen; am 8．He has _____ his keys. He can’t find them anywhere. A．lose B．lost C．losing D．loses 9．—How long _____ you _____ in this city —For ten years. A．have; lived B．did; live C．do; live D．are; living 10．Jack’s train _____. Let’s go on waiting for him here. A．hasn’t arrived B．didn’t arrive C．doesn’t arrive D．won’t arrive 11 ... ...
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