(
课件网) 1.前缀ex-：exchange是由前缀ex-和change组成，可理解为“拿……出去换成……”，其基本含义是“交换”，前缀ex-在此译为“向外，出去”，如：export v.出口，输出；expose v.暴露；express v.表达，挤压出。ex-也可译为“前任的，以前的”，如：ex-president n.前任总统；ex-wife n.前妻。 2.后缀-ion/-sion/-tion/-ation/-ition：有一些动词变为名词时常在词尾加这类后缀，如：react→reaction；expect→expectation；admit→admission； recognize→recognition。 积累 ——— 构词法 学一法 会一类 (1)You are exceeding the speed limit! Slow down or you’ll be punished! _____(猜加颜色词义) (2)It is reported that ice age bones are being excavated. (3)These are gifts my ex-boyfriend gave me，but I’m not sure if I should keep them. (4)Whenever I am in trouble，it is you that come to my assistance without (hesitate). (5)We launched the campaign with the (intend) of raising people’s awareness of protecting the environment. _____ _____ 超出 挖出 前男友 hesitation intention 积累 ——— 构词法 学一法 会一类 3.名词后缀-er，-or teenager是由形容词teenage＋后缀-er组成的名词，意为“处于青少年时期的人”，即“青少年”。survivor是由动词survive＋后缀-or组成，意为“幸存下来的人”，即“幸存者”。 4.英语中常见的表示人的名词后缀还有-ee，-ar，-ist，-ian等 employ→employee/employer；interview→interviewee/interviewer；train→ trainee/trainer(-ee结尾的名词表被动；-er结尾的名词表主动) scholar学者；liar撒谎者；beggar乞丐；pedlar小贩 chemist化学家；dentist牙科医生；artist艺术家；pianist钢琴家 musician音乐家；historian历史学家；civilian平民；physician医师 积累 ——— 构词法 学一法 会一类 (1)She is an accomplished (violin) who has performed at Carnegie Hall. (2)His success as a (comedy) was built on years of hard work and perseverance. (3)The (govern) of the state addressed the public on the issue of educational reform. (4)She will major in biology in university because she intends to be a _____(biology) in the future. violinist 积累 ——— 构词法 学一法 会一类 comedian governor biologist (5)She received an excellent performance review from her _____ (employ)，which led to a promotion. (6)Over 200 (compete) entered the race，most of whom made it to the finish line with great effort. 积累 ——— 构词法 学一法 会一类 employer competitors 5.前缀trans-：transport是由前缀trans-＋port(搬运)组成，表示从一处搬运至另一处，因此意为“交通”。trans-作为前缀，主要表示“横过”“转移”“超过”或“变化”的意思。如：transatlantic adj.横渡大西洋的，大西洋彼岸的；transcribe vt.转录，抄写；translate v.翻译；transfer v.转移，转让；transcend v.超越，超出；transform vt.使改变，使改观。 积累 ——— 构词法 学一法 会一类 (1)The insect’s wings are so thin that they seem to be transparent. (2)The doctors successfully transplanted a new heart into the patient. (3)The ceremony was transmitted live by satellite to over fifty countries. (4)Environmental conservation has become a pressing transnational issue，requiring cooperation among all nations. 积累 ——— 构词 ... ...
