人教版七年级下册 Unit 8 Once upon a Time 知识清单 一、核心词汇分类整理（中考重点） 1. 故事相关核心动词（不规则变化为重点） begin → began (开始) leave → left (离开) run → ran (跑) say → said (说) see → saw (看见) sit → sat (坐) sleep → slept (睡觉) stand → stood (站) take → took (拿，带) tell → told (告诉) think → thought (想) wake → woke (醒来) is/am → was are → were have/has → had do/does → did eat → ate drink → drank put → put (不变) cut → cut (不变) 2. 规则动词过去式（重点注意ed发音规则） walk → walked (行走) pick → picked (采摘) look → looked (看) notice → noticed (注意到) knock → knocked (敲) push → pushed (推) enter → entered (进入) count → counted (数数) hurry → hurried (匆忙) 3. 重要短语与搭配（中考完形填空高频） once upon a time (从前) go for a walk (散步) pick flowers (摘花) look around (环顾四周) knock on/at the door (敲门) in front of (在...前面) be lost (迷路) hurry to (匆忙赶往) fall asleep (入睡) wake up (醒来) jump out of bed (跳下床) try to do sth (试图做某事) decide to do sth (决定做某事) 二、语法聚焦：一般过去时 1. 基本概念与结构 用法：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态 时间标志词：yesterday (昨天) last night/week/month/year (昨晚/上周/上月/去年) two days ago (两天前) in 2010 (在2010年) just now (刚才) 2. 动词过去式变化规则 规则变化（中考易错点）： 一般加ed：walk → walked 以不发音e结尾加d：live → lived 辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加ed：study → studied 重读闭音节双写末尾辅音加ed：stop → stopped 3. 句式结构 (1) 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 Goldilocks walked in the forest. (2) 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 She didn’t like the big bowl. (3) 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ Did she eat the food in the small bowl 回答：Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. (4) 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ What did she do next Where did she go 4. There be句型过去式（中考重点） There was + 单数/不可数名词 There were + 复数名词 例句：There were three bowls on the table. 中考常考题型与解题技巧 1. 用所给动词的适当形式填空 解题步骤： （1）判断句子时态（找时间状语） （2）确定主语与动词的关系（主动/被动） （3）回忆动词变化规则 （4）检查句子完整性 2. 完形填空（故事类） 本单元相关考点： 故事发展顺序词：first, then, next, finally 因果关系：because, so 转折关系：but, however 四、单元话题写作指导 1. 故事类作文框架 开头：Once upon a time / Long long ago... 发展：按时间顺序叙述（使用then, next, after that） 结尾：Finally... / In the end... / The story tells us... 2. 必备句型 The story is about... One day, ... happened. ... was surprised/scared/happy to see/find... ... decided to... ... learned that... 五、易错点与难点突破 1. 过去时与一般现在时的混淆 错误：Yesterday I go to the park. 正确：Yesterday I went to the park. 2. 助动词使用错误 错误：Did she went home 正确：Did she go home 六、单元重点句子解析（课本原句） 1. She knocked on the door, but nobody answered. （敲门但无人应———连词but表转折） 2. The little girl was lost and she was alone in the forest. （迷路且独自一人———并列连词and连接 ... ...
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