Section Ⅱ Learning About Language 复习名词性从句 There are many mysteries ①what the dinosaurs looked like.You may think ②that dinosaurs were big， green and scaly，right？But the fact is ③that they appeared very different from ④what we think.In recent years，scientists have worked out ⑤what they looked like：many of them were small with feathers.Scientists also believe ⑥that many dinosaurs had bright colors.But ⑦why the dinosaurs came into extinction is still a mystery. 1.上面短文中的蓝体部分均为名词性从句，即在复合句中起名词作用的从句； 2.句①为同位语从句； 3.句③为表语从句； 4.句②④⑤⑥为宾语从句； 5.句⑦为主语从句。 ———运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法观 一、概念 名词性从句在句子中的作用相当于名词，主要有主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 名词性从句常用的引导词如下： 连词 that，whether，if 连接 代词 what， which， who， whom， whose， whatever， whichever， whoever， whomever 连接 副词 when，where，why，how，whenever，wherever，however 二、主语从句 主语从句就是在复合句中起主语作用的从句。 1.that，whether引导的主语从句 【先感悟】 ①That they should get well prepared for their future is obvious to the students. ＝It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future. ②Whether he will succeed remains to be seen. ＝It remains to be seen whether he will succeed. ③It is uncertain whether/if he will attend the meeting on time. 【会发现】 （1）that，whether引导 主语 从句； （2）whether引导主语从句，表示“ 是否———。 【善归纳】 （1）that引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，也没有意义，但不可省略。 （2）that从句作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，使句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将主语从句后置。 （3）whether引导主语从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，但有具体的含义，意为“是否”。 （4）置于句首时，只能用whether；与or或or not连用时，只能用whether。 （5）it充当形式主语的句型中，whether与if可以互换。 （6）it作形式主语常有下列句型： ①It is＋名词（a fact， a pity， a question， no wonder ...）＋that从句 ②It is＋形容词（necessary， strange， important， possible ...）＋that从句 ③It is＋过去分词（said， reported， decided， believed， suggested，ordered ...）＋that从句 ④It＋动词（短语）（seem， happen， turn out， occur to ...）＋that从句 【运用练】 单句语法填空/完成句子 ① Whether you’ll achieve your ambition or not depends on how hard you will work. ②It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities. ③You have been walking for hours.It’s no wonder that you are so tired. ④她犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误，真是遗憾。 It is a pity that she has made such a silly mistake. 2.连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句 【先感悟】 ① What he says suggests that he cares little about others’ pains or troubles，even if they’re his friends. ② Whoever is fond of English and willing to get involved in English performance is preferable. ③Which plan is better should be discussed. ④ Where Li Bai， a great Chinese poet， was born is known to the public，but some ... ...
