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课件网) 探究一———有提示词类”解题攻略 探究一———有提示词类”解题攻略 动词是历年高考的必考点。动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语形式的变 化(如时态、语态和主谓一致及虚拟语气)、非谓语形式的变化(如动词 不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词)和词形转换。 第一讲 提示词为动词 语法项目(一) 从句法层面辨识谓语 一、先判断是否作谓语 解题攻略 第一步:确定是否作谓语 首先,分析句子结构,若句中无谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但 设空处所填词与之是并列关系时,设空处就用谓语动词。 第二步:若填谓语动词,就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致(3方面) (1)看“时间”定时态,注意语境中暗含的时间状语; (2)看“主语”定语态,看主语是否为动作的发出者; (3)看人称和数,确保主谓一致。 怎样判断句中有无谓语动词?(点击查看) 简单句:简单句通常只有一个主谓结构。如果句子中没有其他明显的谓语动词,那么所给动词很可能就是谓语。例如:“He plays football every day.” 句中没有其他动词作谓语,“plays” 就是该句的谓语。 并列句:并列句由两个或多个简单句通过并列连词(如 and, but, or 等)连接。每个简单句都有自己的谓语动词。例如:“Tom likes reading, and his sister prefers painting.” “likes”和“prefers” 分别在两个由 “and” 连接的简单句中作谓语。 复合句:复合句包含一个主句和一个或多个从句。主句和从句都有各自的谓语动词。要判断所给动词在哪个句子成分中,进而确定是否为谓语。例如:“I know that he is a good student.” “know” 是主句的谓语,“is” 是从句的谓语。 从句子结构判断所给动词是否作谓语 点击看例题 易错题复现 A standout tradition in Xiamen is chazhuozi, which, literally meaning “tea table”, _____(refer) to a gathering centered around tea drinking. refers 考查谓语动词。根据which可知引导非限制性定语从句,去掉干扰成分“literally meaning tea table”, which 做从句的主语,refer做从句的谓语,该句时态为一般现在时,故填refers. 点击这里返回 二、怎样判断时态、语态、主谓一致(3方面)? (一) 定时态———四角度 角度 1 :时间状语标志词 练习题见大本 (1)一般现在时:always, often,sometimes,usually, occasionally,every time,now and then等; (2)一般过去时:yesterday, last year,in 2021, the other day, two days ago, “一段时间+later”等; (3)一般将来时:tomorrow,next year, in a week,in the future, soon等; (4)现在进行时:now, at this moment,at present,always,constantly等; (5)现在完成时:recently, lately, already, in the last/past few days, so far,up to now, till now,“for+时间段”等; (6)过去完成时:by then, by the end of ..., by that time 等。 易错题复现 Different as pronunciation marks are, Chinese characters _____(use) previously and presently are still being used in other languages. were used 考查时态。and连接并列谓语,根据时间状语previously可知use动词发生在过去,汉字应该是被使用,故填were used. (1)Sb was/were doing sth when sb did ...; (2)Sb had (just) done sth when sb did ...; (3)This/That/It is the+序数词+time+that+现在完成时; (4)This/That/It was the+序数词+time+that+过去完成时; (5)祈使句+and/or+陈述句,陈述句用一般将来时; (6)It’s (high) time that sb did/should do sth; (7)It is/has been+时 ... ...