(
课件网) 第三讲 四种文体厘清语篇关 新课标要求增强对阅读理解的“主线框架结构”的语篇意识，这就要求在阅读过程中，考生要和文本产生积极互动，从宏观和微观两个角度解读文章结构和题目相互之间的逻辑关联。但很多考生在阅读文章时，只从微观角度入手，把阅读材料直译成汉语以理解文意，从而无法把握文章的主旨大意。 高考阅读的语篇类型多为应用文、记叙文、说明文及议论文，各类文体的文章都有一定的篇章结构规律，一般常见的语篇构成模式包括应用文、记叙文、说明文、议论文。 文体1 应用文 [典例] (2025·全国二卷) English Market Towns to Visit in the UK English market towns come in many shapes and sizes.Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries.But each town has more to do than shop. Hereford, Herefordshire Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189.Skirting the town square, you'll find lovely shops，eateries, and the Black and White House Museum.The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town.It's also home to an ancient library.One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. Ludlow, Shropshire Ludlow is known as the Foodie Center of England.Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square.Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold.The three-day Ludlow Food Festival is held each September. Shrewsbury, Shropshire Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety.The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center.The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway.Flowers are everywhere—hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters—just what you imagine in an attractive English market town. Mevagissey, Cornwall Even if you haven't been to the small fishing village Mevagissey, you've probably seen it in a movie or British TV show.The working harbor (港口) took shape in 1774.Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets.Don't leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie.It's delicious. 21．Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta A．In the Ludlow Castle. B．In the Foodie Center of England. C．In the Hereford Cathedral. D．In the Black and White House Museum. 22．What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Center A．It's situated near a big island. B．It's almost surrounded by water. C．It's known for its flower festival. D．It's easily accessible from London. 23．What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey A．Try the Cornish pie. B．Watch a British TV show. C．Go fishing in the sea. D．Take pictures of the harbor. [语篇结构] [考情分析] 每套全国试卷的A篇通常都是应用文。应用文的类型通常有广告、海报、通知、旅游信息等。主要考查细节理解，偶尔考查推理判断与词义猜测。 [文体特点] 1．语言特点：语言简洁，句式相对简单。 2．结构特点： (1)平行段落：几条或者几类信息在不同的段落以相同的顺序 ... ...
