八年级英语下册Unit4语法讲义 情态动词(2) 一、情态动词表推测的核心用法 当我们表达 “某事可能发生” 或 “某人可能做某事” 时,常用 may / might / can / could / must 等情态动词表示推测。它们的语气和用法各有不同: 二、may /might 表推测 1. 核心含义 表示现在或将来的可能性,意为 “可能、也许”。 might 表示的可能性比 may 稍小。 2. 基本结构 肯定句:主语 + may /might + _____ 否定句:主语 + may /might not + _____ 一般疑问句:May / Might + 主语 + _____ 答案:1. 动词原形;2. 动词原形;3. 动词原形 3. 例句 Bring a map because you may want to travel around. Take your swimming clothes because you might want to go swimming. 三、can /could 表推测 1. 核心含义 can 表推测时,多用于否定句和疑问句,表示 “不可能” 或 “会是…… 吗?” could 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句,语气比 can 更委婉,可能性稍小。 2. 基本结构 肯定句:主语 + could + _____ 否定句:主语 + can /could not (can’t /couldn’t) + _____ 一般疑问句:Can / Could + 主语 + _____ 答案:1. 动词原形;2. 动词原形;3. 动词原形 3. 例句 He could be in pain.(他可能很疼。) You can’t be serious!(你不是认真的吧!) Could this be true (这有可能是真的吗?) 四、must 表推测 1. 核心含义 表示非常肯定的推测,意为 “一定、肯定”。 通常只用于肯定句,否定句中用 can’t 表示 “不可能”。 2. 基本结构 肯定句:主语 + must + _____ 答案:1. 动词原形 3. 例句 Betty, you must know!(Betty,你肯定知道!) It must be your brother. I saw him in your room just now.(肯定是你哥哥。) 五、推测语气对比表 表格 情态动词 语气强度 适用句型 含义 must 最强(100%) 肯定句 一定、肯定 can 强 否定句 / 疑问句 不可能;会是…… 吗? could 中等 肯定 / 否定 / 疑问 可能、也许 may 中等 肯定 / 否定 可能、也许 might 最弱 肯定 / 否定 可能、也许(可能性最小) 六、配套练习 (一)基础填空 It _____ (may / must) rain this afternoon. Let’s take an umbrella. You _____ (can’t / mustn’t) be hungry. You just had lunch ten minutes ago. —Who is that at the door —It _____ (could / must) be my dad, but I’m not sure. The light is on. He _____ (must / can) be at home. —_____ (Can / May) this be true —I don’t think so. (二)句型转换 It is possible that it will snow tomorrow.(用 may 改写)It _____ _____ tomorrow. It is impossible that he is at home now.(用 can’t 改写)He _____ _____ at home now. It is very certain that she is right.(用 must 改写)She _____ _____ right. (三)情景选择 当你不确定明天是否会下雨时,应说:A. It must rain tomorrow.B. It may rain tomorrow.C. It can’t rain tomorrow. 当你非常肯定 “他一定是老师” 时,应说:A. He must be a teacher.B. He could be a teacher.C. He may be a teacher. 七、参考答案 (一)基础填空 may can’t could must Can / Could (二)句型转换 may snow can’t be must be (三)情景选择 B A 情态动词(2)课堂小测 (时间:15 分钟 满分:30 分) 一、单项选择(每题 2 分,共 10 分) It _____ rain this afternoon. Let’s take an umbrella.A. must B. may C. can’t The light is on in his office. He _____ be there.A. must B. can C. could You _____ be serious! That can’t be true.A. mustn’t B. can’t C. may not —Who is knocking at the door —It ... ...