
八年级英语下册Unit6语法讲义 宾语从句(2) 学习目标 掌握疑问词(what, when, where, how, why 等)引导的宾语从句。 理解并运用宾语从句的陈述句语序。 掌握宾语从句的时态呼应规则(主句现在时,从句时态灵活;主句过去时,从句用相应过去时态)。 一、疑问词引导的宾语从句 在上一单元,我们学习了用 that 和 whether/if 引导的宾语从句。当从句中需要表达“什么、什么时候、哪里、怎样、为什么”等疑问含义时,我们就要用 疑问词 来引导。 1. 常用疑问词 what(什么) when(什么时候) where(在哪里) how(怎样) why(为什么) who(谁) 2. 结构公式 主语 + 谓语动词 + 疑问词 + 宾语从句(陈述句语序) 请根据例句补全下列句子中的疑问词: They couldn’t believe _____ they heard on the news. (他们不敢相信从新闻中听到的。) He asks _____ we can help protect the environment. (他问我们怎样才能保护环境。) I do not understand _____ they like computer games so much. (我不明白他们为什么那么喜欢电脑游戏。) They have not decided _____ they should go for the holiday. (他们还没决定去哪儿度假。) Do you know _____ we will hold the sports meeting (你知道我们什么时候开运动会吗?) 注意:疑问词引导的宾语从句,从句部分必须用 陈述句语序(主语在前,谓语在后)。 二、宾语从句的语序 无论原句是疑问句还是陈述句,宾语从句一律用 陈述句语序:连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他。 错误:I wonder where is he. 正确:I wonder where he is. 错误:Can you tell me what time does the train leave 正确:Can you tell me what time the train leaves 小练习:改正下列句子的语序错误。 He asked when will we start. → He asked _____ _____ _____. I don’t know where does she live. → I don’t know _____ _____ _____. Do you know how can I get there → Do you know _____ _____ _____ _____ 三、宾语从句的时态 宾语从句的时态通常受主句谓语动词时态的影响,主要有以下两种情况: 1. 主句为现在时态(包括一般现在时、现在完成时等) 从句可根据实际情况使用任何需要的时态(一般现在、一般将来、现在进行等)。 例句: I think (that) he is a student. (一般现在) I believe (that) they will come tomorrow. (一般将来) I know (that) she has finished her homework. (现在完成) 挖空练习:用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 I can hardly believe we _____ (be) in the city centre. (现在) I’m sure it _____ (be) fantastic to see the city from the top. (将来) Do you know what she _____ (do) now (现在进行) 2. 主句为过去时态(一般过去时) 从句一般要用相应的过去时态(一般过去、过去进行、过去将来等)。 挖空练习:用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 I didn’t know where he _____ (live). (一般过去) She asked why I _____ (cry) at that time. (过去进行) They told me that they _____ (return) soon. (过去将来) 四、配套练习 A. 单项选择 ( ) 1. I don’t know _____ he will come or not. A. that B. if C. whether D. what ( ) 2. Could you tell me _____ A. where is the station B. where the station is C. the station is where D. where the station ( ) 3. She asked me _____ I had been to Beijing before. A. that B. if C. what D. which ( ) 4. I wonder _____ they are talking about. A. what B. that C. if D. where ( ) 5. He said he _____ to the park the next day. A. will go B. would go C. goes D. wen ... ...
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