高一定语从句(2)——关系副词学案（必修一U5 Languages around the world）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 高一定语从句(2)———关系副词学案 （必修一U5 Languages around the world） 一、学习目标 1. 掌握关系副词 when, where, why 的基本用法 2. 理解关系副词在从句中充当的成分 3. 学会关系代词与关系副词之间的转换 4. 掌握如何选择关系代词和关系副词 二、关系副词的基本用法 1. 关系副词的定义与基本用法 关系副词 when, where, why 引导定语从句时，在从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语，其先行词分别是表示时间（time, day, year等）、地点（place, school, park等）和原因（reason）的名词。 I still remember the day when I first came to this school. This is the factory where my father works. Do you know the reason why he was late 2. 关系副词与“介词+关系代词（which/whom）”的转换 关系副词引导的定语从句，可转换为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，转换核心是根据先行词和从句动词(形容词)的搭配确定介词。 when = 介词 + which 例句：The year when he was born is 2000. 转换：The year in which he was born is 2000. where = 介词 + which 例句：This is the room where we lived last year. 转换：This is the room in which we lived last year. why = for which 例句：The reason why she cried was unknown. 转换：The reason for which she cried was unknown. 3. 关系代词与关系副词的选择方法 判断原则：分析定语从句中的谓语动词是否及物，以及从句是否缺少主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。 1. 若从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，用关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose）。 例句：① This is the book that my teacher recommended.（that作recommended的宾语） ② The girl who is standing there is my sister.（who作is standing的主语） 2. 若从句不缺主语、宾语、表语或定语，缺少时间、地点或原因状语，用关系副词（when, where, why）。 例句：①I’ ll never forget the day when we met.（从句we met不缺主宾，缺时间状语） ② This is the city where I grew up.（从句I grew up不缺主宾，缺地点状语） 注意：以下是抽象名词（如 situation, stage, point, case, activity, condition 等）在从句中做状语时，用 where 引导，where 相当于 in which，表示“在某种情形/阶段/情况下”。 We may face a situation where we have to make a difficult choice.（我们可能会面临必须做出艰难抉择的情况。） The project has reached a stage where we need more investment.（项目已经到了需要更多投资的阶段。） There comes a point where you have to decide for yourself.（总有一个时刻你必须自己做出决定。） 三、综合练习 练习一：用适当的关系词填空（when, where, why, which, who, that） 1. The house _____ I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 2. July is the month _____ the weather is usually the hottest. 3. This is the reason _____ I don't want to go. 4. The factory _____ my father works is far from here. 5. Do you remember the day _____ we first went to the Great Wall 6. The person _____ I spoke to just now is the manager. 7. I don't like the way _____ he speaks to his parents. 8. The school _____ was built last year is very modern. 9. Is this the reason _____ he refused our offer 10. The years _____ we spent together are unforgettable. 11. I’ll never forget the days _____ we worked together. 12. I’ll never forget the days _____ we spent together. 13. ... ...