高二年级寒假作业测试答案 【A 篇解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四位著名女科学家。 1. D 细节理解题。根据第一段“One of Katherine’s most important jobs was calculating the path of the first American manned spaceflight in 1961 and the Apollo moon landing in 1969.(凯瑟琳最重要的工作之一是计算 1961 年美国首次载人航天飞行和 1969 年阿波罗登月的路径)”可知，凯瑟琳·约翰逊的重要贡献之一是为重 要的太空任务计算飞行路径，故选 D。 2. A 细节理解题。根据 Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin 部分中“Her conclusion that stars are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium (氦) contradicted the main theory of the time, and some of the day’s leading scientists openly questioned her findings.(她关于恒星主要由氢和氦组成的结论与当时的主流理论相矛盾，一些当时的顶尖科 学家公开质疑她的发现)”可知，Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin 关于恒星的结论遭到了顶尖科学家的反对。故选 A。 3. C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“She was the first physics professor in Germany and the first scientist to include the term “nuclear fission (裂变)” in a published paper.(她是德国第一位物理学教授，也是第一位在发表 的论文中使用“核裂变”一词的科学家)”以及最后一段“Grace Hopper was known for her pioneering work in the development of computer programming languages.(格蕾丝·霍珀因其在计算机编程语言开发方面的开创性工作 而闻名)”可知，莉莎·迈特纳和格蕾丝·霍珀的共同之处是在各自领域都是先驱，故选 C。 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了15 岁女孩Samantha Zumwalt 和母亲Jessica Burks 一起经营黏 土生意，并且取得了成功的故事。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Jessica Burks’ home is full of opportunities. Packaged slime (黏土) in a variety of colors and pleasant smells lines one wall of the living room, and, in the designated “slime room” workspace in the back, bottles of fragrance oil are arranged in rows, next to glue and an industrial-size kitchen mixer. (Jessica Burks 的家中充满了各种可能。客厅的一面墙上整齐排列着包装好的、颜色各异且散发着宜人 气味的黏土，而在后面那个专门的“黏土工作室”里，一排排香精油瓶子旁边放着胶水和一个工业级别 的厨房搅拌器)”以及第二段中“But it’s not the amount of slime in Burks’ house that shocks people, she said. It’s that her 15-year-old daughter, Samantha Zumwalt, is in charge of their enterprise (企 业 ). The mother-daughter team runs Samantha’s Slime Shop at home and the demand for their products helps them earn six figures a year. (但她说，让人们感到震惊的并非 Burks 家的黏土数量。令人震惊的是，她 15 岁 的女儿 Samantha Zumwalt 是她们企业的负责人。这对母女在家经营着“Samantha 黏土店”，产品的需求 量帮助她们每年赚取六位数的收入)”可推知，作者在第一段详细描述 Jessica Burks 的家中摆满黏土材 料和制作工具的场景是为了引出第二段“Samantha 的黏土生意”这一核心内容。故选 B 项。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Last year, Nichole Jacklyne, a social media blogger, who reviews slime and provides DIY lessons for hundreds of thousands of followers, reviewed Samantha’s product in a video. After Jacklyne’s video, orders poured into Samantha’s shop, Burks said. (Burks ... ...
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