人教版八年级下册Unit 2 Stay Healthy 单元语法知识梳理与练习（原卷版+解析版）

人教版八年级下册Unit 2单元语法知识梳理与练习 一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 2 Stay Healthy) 一、情态动词 should 和 could 表示建议 (Modal Verbs for Advice) 【规则变化】 情态动词可以用来表示提议或建议。在针对健康问题或生活状况给出建议时，常使用 should 和 could。 1. should：意为“应该；应当”，用以表达职责、义务或提出较强烈的劝告。其否定式是 should not / shouldn't，意为“不应当；不该”。 2. could：意为“可以”，也用于提出建议，但比 can 或 should 语气更为委婉，常用来提供一种可能的选择。 【注意】 情态动词没有人称和数的变化，其后必须直接接动词原形。 【例句】 When you have the flu, you should wear a mask when you're outside. 患流感时，你出门应戴上口罩。 You shouldn't eat so much next time. 下次你可不要吃这么多了。 You could eat some soft food for now. 你现在可以吃些软的食物。 二、反身代词 (Reflexive Pronouns) 的用法 【规则变化】 表示“某人自己”的代词称为反身代词。其构成规律为： 第一、二人称由“形容词性物主代词 + self/selves”构成（如：myself, yourself, ourselves, yourselves）。 第三人称由“人称代词宾格 + self/selves”构成（如：himself, herself, itself, themselves）。 【注意】 反身代词在句中常用作宾语（当主语和宾语是同一个人或事物时），或者用作主语/宾语的同位语（用来起强调作用，常译为“亲自；本人”）。 【拓展】 常接反身代词作宾语的动词或短语有：hurt oneself (伤到自己), cut oneself (割伤自己), teach oneself (自学), enjoy oneself (玩得高兴), help oneself to (随便吃/喝点), look after oneself (照顾自己), by oneself (独自地)。 【易错点】 反身代词绝对不能单独作句子的主语。例如，不能说 "Myself went to the hospital."，而应说 "I went to the hospital myself."。 【例句】 I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. 我从自行车上摔下来时伤到了自己。 If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves. 如果我们不小心，很容易伤到我们自己。 I cooked the dinner myself. 我自己做的晚饭。（作同位语表强调） 三、询问与表达健康状况 (Health Problems) 【规则变化】 1. 询问健康状况的常用句型： What's the matter (with you) / What's wrong (with you) / How are you feeling 2. 描述病痛的常见表达： "have a/an + 疾病名词"：have a cold (感冒), have a fever (发烧), have a cough (咳嗽)。 "have a sore + 身体部位"：have a sore throat (喉咙痛), have a sore back (背痛)。 "身体部位 + ache"：headache (头痛), toothache (牙痛), stomachache (胃痛)。 【例句】 —What's the matter 怎么了？ —I have a really bad toothache. 我牙痛得很厉害。 —What should I do 我该怎么办？ —You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. 你应该去看牙医并拍个X光片。 二：单元语法知识练习 I. 单项选择（10道） 1. —Did you all enjoy _____ at the party yesterday, kids —Yes, we did. A. you B. yourself C. yourselves D. yours 2. —What's the matter with you —I have a bad _____. I can't eat anything hard or cold. A. toothache B. fever C. cough D. cold 3. You _____ drink so much coffee before going to bed. It's bad for your sleep. A. could B. should C. shouldn't D. couldn't 4. Little Tom is only five, but he can dress _____ now. A. him B. himself C. his D. he 5. —I have a sore throat. What should I do —You _____ drink some hot water with h ... ...