Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas The Well That Changed the World As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy， Ryan [1]had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing① African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain②.It was very close — only ten steps away.So， Ryan asked himself，“Why do some African children have to③ walk ten kilometres to get water every day？ And why is the water [2]so dirty that it makes them sick？” Young Ryan thought， “Life is easy for me， [3]but hard for those people.Why don’t I help？” [1]have trouble （in） doing sth做某事有困难；spoken by his teacher为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰the words；that引导同位语从句，解释说明前面words的内容，that在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。 [2]so ...that ...意为“如此……以至于……”；so后面跟形容词或副词，that引导结果状语从句；make them sick为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，sick作宾语补足语。 [3]but hard for those people中，but是并列连词，hard for those people是省略句，省略了life is。 At first④，his plan was [4]to earn⑤ money to build a single well somewhere in Africa.He cleaned windows and did gardening⑥ for his family and neighbours.He soon reached his first target⑦ of $70， but when he gave the money to a charity⑧， he [5]was told that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well.Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump⑨.Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn’t help the children.[6]What they needed was a well dug⑩ near their homes. [4]第一个动词不定式短语to earn money作表语；第二个动词不定式短语to build a single well作目的状语。 [5]was told是一般过去时的被动语态；that引导宾语从句。 [6]What 引导主语从句，在从句中作needed的宾语；dug near their homes为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a well。 Two thousand dollars was a lot of money， but Ryan didn’t give up .He was determined to help other children have clean water.He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money.At the same time ， a friend of Ryan’s mother helped make his story go public .After several months， Ryan had raised the $2，000， [7]with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water.They were grateful to him and invited him to visit. In Uganda， Ryan at last saw [8]the finished well with his own eyes .But that was not all.He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.They sang and danced happily.Some even offered him food and gifts.At first Ryan was nervous， but soon a great warmth filled him.He really had made a difference for these children.He broke into a joyful smile . [7]“介词＋which”引导非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词$2，000。 [8]finished是动词finish的过去分词，此处作前置定语，修饰well。 Later， Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help.Ma ... ...
