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课件网) 高考语法专题复习三 主谓一致 考点1 语法一致原则 主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数形式。 1.动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。 Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day. 忙碌了一天之后,听音乐使我感到很放松。 【点津】 what引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;但如果从句表示复数意义,则谓语动词用复数形式。 ①However,from my point of view,what benefits students most is reading English books. 然而,在我看来,对学生最有益的是阅读英语书籍。 ②What he says and does do not agree. 他言行不一。 2.主语后有with,together with,along with,except,besides,as well as等加名词或代词构成另一主语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 Amy,as well as her brothers,was given a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. 艾米和她的兄弟们上周回到村里时受到了热烈的欢迎。 【点津】 and,both...and...连接两个不同的主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;但如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数形式。 The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. 那位歌舞演员将参加我们的晚会。 3.定语从句中关系代词作主语时,从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。 My friend showed me around the town,which was very attractive. 我的朋友带我参观了这座非常迷人的小镇。 4.“many a/more than one+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。each,every,no所修饰的名词作主语时,即使由and连接,谓语动词仍用单数形式。 ①Many a parent has had to go through this same painful process. 很多父母不得不经历这种同样痛苦的过程。 ②Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party to be held on Sunday. 每个男孩和女孩都希望参加周日举行的聚会。 小题快练 语法填空(语法一致原则) I ① (live) in Beijing,while my wife ② (live) in Shanghai,and we ③ (see) each other for a long time. To see her every day ④ (be) my dream.What I want to do ⑤ (be) give up my present job and work in her city.However,all my relatives except my uncle ⑥ (object) to my idea.Someone ⑦ (tell) me that it is not worthwhile to give up my job.Many a person ⑧ (think) it not wise to leave the city I am living in. live lives haven’t seen is is object tells thinks 考点2 意义一致原则 意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数,主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数形式。 1.表示时间、数量、长度及价格的名词,尽管有时是复数形式,但常被看作是一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式。 Three thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a boy. 对于一个男孩来说,3 000美元是一笔大数目。 2.集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若被看作构成集体的一个个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family、class、team、group、public、committee、government、audience等。 The whole class were told to stay behind after school. 全班的学生都被告知放学后留下。 3.“分数/百分数/the majority+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义。all,some,half,most,the rest等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于主语实际表达的意义。 About one third of the books were written ... ...
