(
课件网) Section Ⅲ Using language 语 法 知 识 过 关 Grammar———过去分词作状语 一、过去分词作状语的类型 [先感知] ①Disappointed by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend. ②Treated this way, you’re sure to feel hurt... ③Approached in this way, your friendship will soon be repaired. ④Filled with anger, you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. ⑤Born in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988. [会发现] 上述各句中的黑体部分都是过去分词,它们在句中作状语,过去分词短语在句①②④中表示 ,在句⑤中表示 ,在句③中表示 。 原因 时间 条件 [明规则] (1)概念:动词的过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,它具有动词的一些特点。同时,也具有形容词、副词的句法功能。在句中可以用作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等,一般表示动作的完成或被动的意义。 (2)用法:作状语的过去分词(短语)在句中可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步等,分别相当于时间、原因、条件、让步等状语从句。过去分词在句中作状语时一般情况下其逻辑主语与主句的主语一致,过去分词与主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。 [再运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空 Buried ① (bury) in reading the adaptation of Pride and Prejudice, he didn’t notice what was happening outside. ② (devote) to the education cause, she spent little time with her families and friends. ③ (surround) by many students, Professor Li stood there. Devoted Surrounded ④ (publish) in 1884,The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain was one of the first novels in the USA written in common, everyday language. ⑤ (complete) in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1972, inspired the imagination of the world. Published Completed 二、过去分词作状语的注意事项 [先感知] ①When asked why she came here,the girl held her breath and kept silent. ②He let out a cry as if bitten by a snake. ③The signal given,the bus started at once. ④Concerned about his son’s safety,he couldn’t fall asleep. ⑤Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together into one performance. [会发现] 上述各句中的黑体部分都是过去分词,它们在句中作状语,句①②的构成为“ ———结构;句③为 结构;句④⑤中的过去分词为 的过去分词。 连词+过去分词 独立主格 形容词化 [明规则] (1)过去分词作状语时,前面可带有连词,如:when、while、if、though、as if、unless等,构成“连词+过去分词”结构,以使句意表达得更清楚。如句①②。 (2)过去分词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致,否则需加上自己的主语,构成独立主格结构。如句③,The signal given为独立主格结构,give的逻辑主语是signal。 (3)有些形容词化的过去分词,作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有:seated、hidden、lost/absorbed in、dressed in、concerned等。如句④。 (4)有些过去分词已形容词化,作状语时表示主语的某种情绪或状态。常见的这类形容词化的过去分词有:satisfied、surprised、interested、moved、worried、pleased、disappointed、excited等。如句⑤。 [再运用] ... ...
