一、知识脉络 二、重难解码 考点 1 社会问题与社会现象 The anxiety about the consequences of generative AI is mounting. Kristalina Georgieva, head of IMF, has warned of a job-crushing “tsunami”. Jamie Dion, a leading figure in American finance, says governments should ban lay-offs ifit “saves society”. Yet so far labor markets seem untroubled. In America the number of white-collar jobs has gone up by 3 million since ChatGPT was launched, while blue-collar jobs have stayed flat. 1 It excels at some tasks but then confidently spouts nonsense in others. This unpredictability means companies need to spend time working out where to apply AI. Moreover, business processes don’t change overnight. Electricity was first harnessed commercially in the 1880s, but took 40 to 50 years to generate productivity gains in factories. 2 This friction should be good news for those worrying about the speed of technological change. The time intervals between invention and diffusion can be used to work out how to help those most at the risk of being displaced. 3 AI tools could make these roles more productive, profitable and even more enjoyable: think of a doctor liberated from paperwork. And new technology tends to create jobs. Already there is a rise in white-collar jobs that are so new they have no label in the statistics. Yet some roles also look dangerously exposed to automation. Much back-office work involves simple tasks and following a script. Young people in entry-level positions are often asked to crunch data, or summarize reports — precisely the sort of things AIs excel at. What to do Unlike factory work or mining, back-office and entry-level jobs are not concentrated in company towns. ____4____ But governments must also encourage movement by keeping labor markets flexible, rather than barred lay-offs. Education will need a major update to include AI instruction and the complementary skills it demands. 试卷第 1 页，共 11 页 The biggest mistake would be to stop hiring young people altogether. That would choke off the pipeline for future talent and rob businesses of AI natives. ____5____ They should provide fewer repetitive, low-skill tasks and more work centered on judgment and critical analysis. They should also offer speedier rotations across the business so young employees gain insights that AI cannot replicate. Disruption and job losses will be unavoidable. Such is the nature of technological progress. But there is still time to cushion the blow. It should not be wasted. A ．The course of AI is uncertain, obviously. B ．New opportunities should therefore be easier to find. C ．One reason for the slow impact of AI technology is its “uneven skill set” . D ．Instead, companies should rethink the type of work they offer young people. E ．Many jobs require skills that are hard to automate, such as judgment or empathy. F ．Employment has risen even in areas that have been keen adopters, such as coding. G ．This time, too, companies must think about how to en ... ...
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