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课件网) Unit 4 Natural Disasters 语言知识梳理 1. shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克 vt.(使)震惊(shocked adj.感到震惊的 shocking adj.令人震惊的) ·in shock震惊;吃惊 to one’s shock令某人震惊的是 ·be shocked at sth/that…对……感到震惊be shocked to do sth 因做某事而感到震惊 2. trap vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套 n.险境;陷阱 ·be trapped in 被困在…… trap sb into doing sth诱使某人做某事 ·fall into/get out of a trap落入/逃出圈套 lay/set a trap (for) (为……)布下陷阱/设置圈套 3. bury vt.埋葬;安葬;掩埋;隐藏(burial n.埋葬;葬礼) bury sth in把某物埋在…… bury oneself in=be buried in 埋头于……;专心于…… bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面 4. suffer vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(suffering n.受苦;遭难;苦楚;苦难 sufferer n.受难者;患者) ·suffer from患……病;受……苦 ·suffer作及物动词时,意思同experience(体验;经历),其后可跟pain、defeat、hardship等词作宾语;suffer from中的from表示原因,意为“因……而受苦”。 5. survive vi.生存;存活 vt.幸存;艰难度过;幸免;生还;比……活得长(survivor n.幸存者 survival n.幸存;生还) survive on靠……存活下来 survive sth 在……中幸存;从……中活下来 A survives B (by+时间) A比B多活了(多长时间) 6. strike vi.& vt.(struck, struck/stricken)侵袭;突击;击打;(时钟等)敲响;擦(火柴);撞击;给(某人以……)印象;突然想起 n.罢工;罢课;袭击 ·be struck with/by被……所打动/袭击 It strikes sb that…某人觉得……;某人突然想起…… sth strikes sb 某人想到…… ·on strike罢工 ·表示“突然想到”的词汇还有occur to、hit等。 1. as if引导的虚拟语气 It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临! ·as if/though引导表语从句时常放在look、seem等系动词之后。 ·as if/though可以引导状语从句,表方式,如果从句所描述的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的,从句谓语用陈述语气;如果从句所描述的情况是不真实的或较小可能性发生的,从句谓语用虚拟语气: 与过去事实相反,用过去完成时; 与现在事实相反,用一般过去时(be动词一般用were); 与将来事实相反,用“would/could/might+动词原形”。 2. be doing…when… I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭,海水开始灌入屋内。 句中when用作并列连词,意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意,还常用于以下句型: ·be about to do…when… 正要做……这时突然…… ·had (just) done…when… 刚做完……这时突然…… 单元语法深析 观察下面的句子,并感知限制性定语从句的用法。 1. Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that/which even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. 2. The number of people who/that were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. 3. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 4. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 5. The man (whom/who/that) I have to phone lives in Canada. 1. 以上定语从句由关系代词 who、whom、which 、that、whose 引导,修饰名词或代词,置于被修饰词的 后面 。关系代词在定语从 ... ...
