《倒装句及练习》(江苏省宿迁市泗洪县新星中学李继友)

倒装句及练习 江苏省宿迁市泗洪县新星中学 制作人：李继友 英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。 倒装的原因：一，语法结构的需要。（某些疑问句） 二，为了强调。 三，为了保持句子的平衡。 正常语序： 按“主语+ 谓语” 这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。 倒装语序： 按“谓语（ 或谓语一部分）+ 主语”，就是倒装语序。 倒装句分为： 完全倒装： 整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。 部分倒装： 只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装。 e.g. Does he go to school by bike (疑问句) Then came a new difficulty. (完全倒装) Not a single mistake did he make. (部分倒装) 完全倒装 完全倒装方法: 副词+谓语+名词 副词+代词+谓语(主语是代词不倒装) 一. 副词here, away, in, down, out, up, back, thus, next, now, then, ahead, off 等位于句首的句子, 以表示强调. e.g. Here came the bus. =Here it came.=The bus came here. Out rushed the boy.=Out he rushed.=The boy rushed out. Down came the brown wave .= Down it came .= the brown wave came down. 二. 表地点的的介词短语做状语位于句首时 e.g. Under a big tree sat a fat man.= Under a big tree he sat= A fat man sat Under a big tree. In front of the classroom sat a naughty boy.= In front of the classroom he sat.= A naughty boy sat In front of the classroom. 三. 表语位于句首时, 为了保持句子平衡, 以表示强调表语. 倒装方法: 表语(形容词ed分词/ing分词/介词短语)+ 系动词+ 主语 e.g. Sitting at the back of the room was a shy girl. Written on the blackboard are the names of our teacher. A very honest person he is.（主语是人称代词时，主谓不倒装） 四. 直接引语位于句首时. e.g. “Very well,” said our teacher. "How dare you say so " said Mr Li. “Bring me two books, please.” said she. 部分倒装 部分倒装方法： 只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前。 一．only+(副词/介词短语/状语从句)位于句首时。 注意: only+主语位于句首是不能倒装. e.g. Only when he told me the news did I know what had happened. Only in this way can you make progress in your study. Only socialism can save china.( only+主语位于句首是不能倒装) 二．含有否定意义的副词（not, no, little, few, hardly, never, seldom, scarcely, nowhere, not only, not once, barely, at no time, in no way, by no means, In no time, in no case, on no account, under no circumstances..., not.....untill, no sooner...than..., hardly/scarccly/barely...when...等）位于句首时。 注意: 1) 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 2) 在no sooner…..than..., hardly/scarccly/barely...when...结构中, no sooner,hardly.scarely后要倒装(谓语用过去完成时), than, when后面的句子不倒装. (谓语用过去时) e.g. Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army. Not a single mistake did he make. Hardly did he watch TV Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. Hardly had the baby seen the toy when she laughed. 三． not only….but also连接并列分句时(前倒后不倒). 注意: 当连接并列主语时, 不倒装. e.g. Not only does he teach in school, but also he writes novels. Not only did she speak correctly, but also she spoke fluently. Not only he but also I like the pen. (当连接并列主语 ... ...