2017年高考二轮语法专题课件：动词和动词短语

课件60张PPT。动词与动词短语一、及物动词与不及物动词 常见的跟单宾语的及物动词主要有：accept, admire, admit, affect, afford, discover, educate, enjoy, explain, forget, guess, invent, love, post, raise等。知识梳理常见的跟双宾语的及物动词主要有： 1. 直、间接宾语易位需加to的动词：bring, give, hand, pass, post, promise, read, return, show, teach, tell, lend等。 2. 直、间接宾语易位需加for的动词：buy, choose, cook, draw, find, fetch, make, order, paint, purchase, save, spare等。3. 既可加to，也可加for的动词：do, get, play, sing等。 常见的不及物动词主要有：ache, agree, apologize, appear, arrive, come, go, cry, dance, die, disappear, dream, exist, fall, flow, graduate, sit, stand, stay, wait, rise, lie, happen等。二、延续性动词与终止性动词 延续性动词可用于完成时，与以下几种时间状语连用：for +一段时间，since +时间点，since +一段时间+ ago，since +从句（一般过去时）等。常见的这类动词有：have, possess, keep, know, learn, live, read, sleep, wait, work, look, hear, smell等。终止性动词不可用于现在完成时，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，其否定形式多与until / till连用，构成“not +终止性动词+ until / till ...”的句型，意为“直到……才……”。如： I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight. 三、常见的短语动词有以下五种： 1. 动词+介词 “动词+介词”构成的短语相当于一个及物动词，后面跟宾语。被动语态中，整个短语不可分开。这类短语动词常用的有：agree with, burst into, call on, consist of, deal with, depend / rely on, die of / from, dream of, feel like, get into, hear from, insist on, look / stare?/ glare at, prepare for, result in, set about等。2. 动词+副词 1) 及物动词+副词。这类短语动词常用的有：cut off, take down, put out, take over, turn down, turn over, throw away, figure out等。 2) 不及物动词+副词。后面不跟宾语，没有被动语态。这类短语动词常用的有：die away, give in, go ahead, hold on, run away, stand out等。3. 动词+名词+介词。这类短语动词常用的有：catch sight of, compare notes with, declare war on / upon, get rid of, have a word with, make fun of, make use of, make preparations for, pay attention to, take care of, take hold of, take advantage of, take charge of等。4. 动词+副词+介词。这类短语动词常用的有：catch up with, come up with, date back to, put up with, go in for, run out of等。 5. be +形容词+介词。这类短语动词常用的有：be accustomed / used to, be afraid of, be devoted to, be fond of, be familiar with, be famous for, be fit / suitable for等。动词及其词组的灵活运用是英语的特色，也是难点，每年均为重点。历年试题中动词所占的比例最大，设题时都是给出不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词(短语)意义的理解和运用。考点主要包括： 1. 动词词义辨析。包括常见动词用法辨析、近义词辨析、相近词辨析和用法相近词辨析。考点归纳If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to on the sea? 【2015·浙江】 A. float B. drown C. shrink D. split2. 动词短语辨析。主要包括同根动词短语的辨析、同根介词或副词的动词短语辨析、 不同动词构成的动词短语的辨析以及“动词＋副词＋介词”短语的辨析。在动词词组的测试中，绝大多数为基础动词，出现频率较高的词有：get, turn, make, put, g ... ...