2017年高考二轮语法专题课件：虚拟语气

课件33张PPT。虚拟语气考点归纳1. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法 ★在“It is / was +形容词或过去分词+ that从句”结构的主语从句中，表示命令、愿望、建议等，谓语动词为“should +动词原形”，should也可省略。如： It is necessary that a college student (should) master a foreign language. It is desired that this rule (should) be brought to the attention of the staff. ★动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在事实相反时，从句中动词用过去式；表示与过去事实相反时，从句中动词用“had +过去分词”；表示将来很难实现的愿望时，从句中动词用“would / could / might +动词原形”。如： How I wish I was there with you. I wish I hadn’t lost the chance. I wish he would / could / might go with us to the theatre. ★在would sooner, would rather等后面的宾语从句中动词要用虚拟语气。尚未发生的动作用动词的过去式，已经发生的动作用“had +过去分词”。如： I would sooner he left on the earlier train. I’d rather you went tomorrow. I’d rather you hadn’t done that.★表示“建议、命令、要求、坚决做”等动词（如suggest, demand, require, request, order, insist等）后的宾语从句中谓语常用“（should +）动词原形”。如： I suggest you (should) have enough sleep. I recommend that everyone (should) attend the party. ★虚拟语气还可用在表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等的表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语用“should +动词原形”，should也可省略。如： Our only request is that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. He made the decision that nothing (should) hold him back.2. 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法★虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法： ★在错综时间虚拟条件句（即主句和从句所指的时间不一致）中，动词的形式需要根据表示的时间来调整。如： If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now. If it had rained last night, it might be very cold today. If she were to leave, I would have heard about it. ★含蓄条件句 有时虚拟语气的条件并不是直接通过条件句来表示，而是用一些词或短语（如under, with, without, but for等）或上下文暗示来说明。句中的虚拟语气一般表示过去的情况，这种句子叫含蓄条件句。如：We could have done better under more favourable conditions (= if we had been given more favourable conditions). Without your help (= If you hadn’t helped me), I couldn’t have succeeded. But for the heavy traffic (= If the traffic had not been so heavy), we would have arrived earlier. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy (= if he had not been so busy). 3. 虚拟语气中if的省略如果条件从句的谓语中有were, had或should等词，可将if省略，而把这几个词放在句首，其意义与带有if的条件句相同。如： If I were to do the work, I should do it some other way. → Were I to do the work, I should do it some other way. 4.虚拟语气在其它状语从句中的用法 ★在由as if或as though引导的方式状语中，虚拟语气的形式为动词的过去式（be用were）或“had +过去分词”。如： She is walking slowly as if she were tired.★在由lest, for fear that, in case等引导的从句中，虚拟语气的形式为“should +动词原形”。如： I ran as fast as possible lest I should be too late. ★在由in order that, so that或that引导的目的状语从句中，虚拟语气的形式为“may / might / could ... ...