英语倒装句讲解

倒装句讲解 倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装 一． 倒装句之全部倒装 　 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 　1） here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如： 　　 Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。 　　 Here is your letter. 你的信。 　2） 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。例如： 　　 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。 　　 Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。 3) 在there be或者there live(stand, appear, seem, remain, exist….) 句型中。例如： There are thousands of people on the square. There lived an old fisherman in the village. There stands a little girl. 4）在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如： Long live the People's Republic of China! 中华人民共和国万岁！ May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如： Here you are. Here he comes. 他来了。　　　　 Away they went. 他们走开了。 二． 倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 21世纪教育网版权所有 句首为否定或半否定的词语。 如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, scarcely, at no time决不, by no means, on no account, in no case, many a time, under no circumstances, in no way, many a time, not until… 等。例如： 【版权所有：21教育】 　Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。 　Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。 　Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。 　 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。即：后倒前不倒。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如： 　　 I have never seen such a performance. --never have I seen such a performance. 　　 The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep. --not until the child fell asleep the mother did leave the room. 典型例题　　 1）　Why can't I smoke here? 　　 At no time___ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted　 　B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted　 D. does smoking permit 答案A. 当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is. A. man did know　 B. man know　 C. didn't man know　 D. did man know 答案D. 看到Not until…的句型，我们知道考点为倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。 改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。 2．以否定连词开头作部分倒装 如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than等，前倒后不倒。例如： 　 Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。 　 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 　 No sooner had she gone out than a ... ...