高中英语语法倒装讲解及练习

倒装 一、倒装的概述 英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语在后，把谓语放在主语之前，就叫倒装结构。如果把全部的谓语放在主语之前，叫全部倒装；如果只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前就叫做部分倒装。 二、倒装的原因 1、由于一定语法结构的需要 Have you bought today’s newspaper for me Where are you going 2、由于强调 Never have I read a book like this. Only in this way can you solve the problem. 三、完全倒装 1、在there、here引导的句子中，谓语动词是be、exist等表示状态的不及物动词。 There is nobody in the classroom. There seems something wrong about it. There happened an event last week. There lived a girl named Aqiao long ago. There stands a temple on the top of the mountain. There lies a deep pond at the foot of the hill. There exist different opinions on this question. Here are coats for young people. Here is a seat for you, Tom. 2、在there、here开头的句子里，谓语动词是come、go等。 There goes the bell! Here are the books! Here comes your sister! 【注意】如果主语是人称代词时，则不用倒装形式。 There you go again. 你又来这一套。 Here he comes. Here it is. 3、副词now、then、thus引导的句子里，谓语动词是come、follow、begin、end、be等。 Now comes your turn! Then followed a shot of gun. Thus ended the meeting. 4、在in、out、down、up、over、away、off、back等副词做状语置于句首，谓语动词是come、go、rush、run等不及物动词的句子里。 The door opened and in came Mr Smith, our headmaster. Up and up go the prices. Down drops the meat into the fox’s mouth. Up flew the arrow into the sky. Away ran the prisoner. Off went the horses. Back fought our soldiers. 【注意】如果是人称代词作主语则不用倒装。如： In he came and the lesson began. Back they fought. Up it flew. 5、在做地点状语的介词短语提前，谓语动词是be、stand、lie等不及物动词的句子里，用完全倒装语序。 In the front of the lecture hall sits a professor. On every piece of paper was a picture of a horse. From a speaker on the wall comes the doctor’s voice. On the ground lay a sick goat. Along the wall stand four big bookcases. 6、分词/形容词+be+主语…… Seated in the front are the leaders of the school. = Sitting in the front are the leaders of the school. 坐在前面的是学校的领导。 Written on the blackboard are the names of those who were late yesterday. 黑板上写着昨天迟到的人的名字。 7、such置于句首时 Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 这就是事实，没有人能否定它们。 四、部分倒装 1、so/neither/nor放于句首，表示前面说的话也适用于另一个人或物。其句型为：so/neither/nor+be（助动词或情态动词）+主语。so与前面的肯定句相呼应，neither/nor与前面的否定句相呼应。 She is a teacher. So is her mother. I have never been abroad. Neither has he. I didn’t go to the cinema last night. Nor did he. 【注意】 （1）如果后一句只是单纯的重复前面句子的意思，而不是表示前一句主语的情况也适用于后一句主语的情况，则不用倒装。如： —It was cold yesterday. —So it was. 是的，昨天的确很冷。 如表示按别人的意思做了什么事，so也不用提前。 The teacher asked me to read louder, and I did so. 老师要我大声读，我照做了。 （2）So...和Neither (Nor)...都可用So it is wi ... ...