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备战2018高考英语一轮复习专题讲解(句法部分)状语从句

日期:2024-05-12 科目:英语 类型:高中试卷 查看:37次 大小:136726Byte 来源:二一课件通
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备战,2018,高考,英语,一轮,复习
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状语从句 状语从句在句中作状语,修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时,常用逗号分开:放在主句之后,一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意文和作用可分为时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等九种。 时间状语从句 时间状语从句常用连词有when,as,while,before,after,since,till(until),as soon as,hardly…when…,no sooner…than,the moment等。时间状语从句一般不用将来时,因此,主句若为将来时,时间状语从句要用一般现在时。如: I'll go on with the work when I come back tomorrow. when, while与as的异同 作为从属连词,三者的意思都是“当…时候”,在用法上有如下异同点。 在主句的谓语动词表示短暂动作,而从句说的是一段时间发生的动作时,三个连词都可 以。如: I met him as/when/while I was doing some shopping. 从句动作发生的时间如果是某一点,而且主句动作同时或几乎同时发生时,不能用while, 而只能用when或as。如: I met him as/when I was getting off the bus. 当从句动作发生在主句动作之前时,只能用when,如: I will ring you up when I return. 主句用进行时态,从句动作发生的时间如果是某一点,只能用when。如: My mother was cooking the supper when I got home. 如果主句和从句的动作都在一段时间发生,可用as或while,只不过as强调主句和从 句中的动作同时发生,而while强调主句的动作延续于while所指的整个时间。 As I put on my coat,something fell out of the pocket onto the floor. While he was in prison,Joe Hill continued to write songs to keep up the worker's fight. when的从属连词用法 when作为从属连词引导时间状语从句,既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后。如: When we got home,it was already eight o'clock. Come again when you have time. 但在下面这组句子中,when引导的不是时间状语从句,通常不译成“当…的时候”。 One evening some of Napoleon's soldiers were drinking together when a young Frenchman brought a fiend to their table. He had just got into bed about half past eleven when he felt the floor shaking under him. An Arab was walking alone through the desert when he met two men. I was just going to explain when the bell rang. 在以上例子中,各句的中心不在前面,而在when引导的分句上。而且when引导的句 子说明的情况是事先未曾预料到的,有一定的突然性。when的意思为and at that moment 或and suddenly。 when引导的这种句子不能放在句首。翻译时常常译成并列句。 till(until)表示 “一直到…”时,主句用持续性动词的肯定式,从句也用肯定式:表示“直 到…才…”,主句用非持续性动词的否定式,从句用肯定式。 例如: He did not get up till his mother came in. He worked until it was dark. as soon as,和the moment引导的从句表示“———就… ”用no sooner。…than和hardly…when 引导的从句表示“刚……就……”。主句中的动词一般用过去完成时,从句用过去时;而且主句一般倒装,把助动词had提到前面。例如: As soon as I finish the work, I’ll go to see you. Hardly had I entered the room when I heard a loud noise. 让步状语从句 让步状语从句由although(though),as,even if,.however, whatever,no matter+when/how/what/who/where等词引导。 though和although although是较正式语体,语气化(even)though强,且一般用在句首。(even)though比较通俗,较常用。下列情况只能用though: 在部分倒装的从句中,如 ... ...

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