考点24 不用被动语态的情况-备战2018年中考英语考点一遍过

不能使用被动语态的情况 情况 例句 不及物动词和系动词无被动语态 A fire broe out last night. 昨晚发生了火灾。 某些表示状态的及物动词或及物动词短语也不能用被动语态 This coat doesn’t fit me. 这件外套不适合我。 The hall can contain two hundred people. 这个大厅可以容纳200人。 反身代词或相互代词作宾语的句子不能用被动语态 We have helped each other for over two years. 我们相互帮助有两年多了。 宾语是不定式或动名词的句子不可用被动语态 Most people want to have their own house. 许多人想要有自己的房子。 当谓语动词和宾语构成一个不可分割的整体时，即固定短语，句子不可变为被动语态 It too him a long time to mae up his mind. 他用了很久才下定决心。 Who’s going to tae his place after he leaves? 他走了谁来顶替他？ 【知识拓展】 这样的短语常用的有： do one’s best尽力，尽最大努力 mae a face做鬼脸 lose heart失去信心，丧失勇气 被动语态的特殊情况： 1. 不能用被动语态的几种情况： （1）所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态。 （2）表示状态的谓语动词，如：last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit等。 （3）表示归属的动词，如have、own、belong to等。 （4）表示＂希望、意图＂的动词，如：wish、want、hope、lie、love、hate等。 （5）宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。 2. 主动形式表被动意义的情况： （1）系动词没有被动形式，但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel，sound，taste，boo，feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。 （2）当cut，sell，read，write，fill，coo，loc，wash，drive，eep等词带状语修饰语时。 （3）当brea out、tae place、shut off、turn off、wor out等动词词组表示＂发生、关闭、制定＂等意思时。 （4）want，require，need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。 （5）be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。 （6）在＂be + 形容词 + to do＂中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。 另外：be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent（出租）也用主动形式表被动。 1. As time went on, Einstein’s theory _____ to be correct. A. proved B. proves C. is proved D. was proved 2. The retired worer lies getting up early. The air in the morning is good?_____. A.to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed 3. I find the problems are easy _____. A. to be wored out B. to wor them out C. to wor out D. to be wored them out. 4. Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that ind of cloth because she _____ that the cloth _____very well. A. has been told; washes B. had been told; washed C. was told; was washed D. had been told; was washed 5. If so many raw materials_____ every day, they_____ in the future. A. run out; will be used up B. run out; will be run out C. are run out; will be using up D. are run out; will run out of 6. His computer, which cost him a sum of money several wees ago, is out of order and wants _____, though it loos very new. A.to repair B.to be repairing C. repairing D. repaired 7. —How about watching a film on Sunday? —I can’t go to watch a film with a lot of homewor _____. A. to be done B. to do C. doing D. done 1. （2016 ? 山东青岛）William Shaespeare _____ for 400 years, but his wors still have great influence today. A. died B. was dying C. has died D. has ... ...