2018年聚焦新中考课件：第二轮语法考点聚焦定语从句

课件15张PPT。第35讲　定语从句人教版高频考向一　定语从句的关系词 定语从句在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose或关系副词when，where，why等引出。 ①who，whom，that代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you？他是想见你的那个人吗？ He is the man (who/whom/that) I saw yesterday.他是昨天我看到的那个人。②which，that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如： Mary likes music that/which is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。 The coat (that/which) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的外套是蓝色的。 ③whose用来指人或物，在句中只用作定语。如： Please pass me the book whose cover is green.请把封面是绿色的那本书递给我。④关系副词有when，where，why，它们在句中作状语。如： I'll never forget the days when we studied together.我永远忘不了我们一起学习的那些日子。 This is the city where my father worked ten years ago.这是我爸爸十年前工作的城市。【例1】 My hometown is the place _____ holds all my sweet memories.(2017，贵阳) A．who　　 　B．which　 　C．what　 　 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为表事物的名词place，且在定语从句中作主语，故引导词可用that或which。who作定语从句的引导词时，先行词通常指人，且在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句。 答案：____B【例2】 The woman _____ is singing on the TV show is our English teacher.(2016，成都) A．who B．which C．whose 解析：分析题干可知，本句是含有定语从句的主从复合句。“_____ is singing on the TV show”是定语从句，先行词the woman指人，且关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用who/that引导定语从句。which引导定语从句时先行词通常指物，whose引导定语从句时在从句中只能作定语。 答案：____A【例3】 Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience _____ people cannot get at home.(2016，河南) A．that B．who C．whom D．what 解析：由句意及句子结构可判断，空格处所填内容引导定语从句，且在从句中作宾语。that指代人或物，who和whom指代人，what不能作关系代词引导定语从句。由先行词experience是表示物的名词可得知正确答案。 答案：____A高频考向二　关系词只能用that而不用which的情况 ①当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我所看过的最激烈的一场足球赛。 ②当先行词被序数词修饰时。如： The first thing that you could do was to turn off the light.你首先要做的就是关灯。③当先行词为all，everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much，none等不定代词时(something后也可用which)。如： All that we have to do for our students is to tell them how to speak English in class.我们要为学生做的所有的事情就是告诉他们如何在课上说英语。 I'm going to buy everything that I need.我要去买我所需要的一切东西。 ④当先行词前面有only，just，very，any，no等词修饰时。如： That's the only thing that we can do now.那是我们现在唯一能做的事情。 ⑤当先行词指代的既含有人又含有物时。如： They are talking about things and persons that they remembered.他们正在谈论他们所能回忆起来的人或事。【例4】 T ... ...