牛津深圳版八下 Module1 Social communication Unit 1 Helping those in need 语法：不定式练习

Unit 1 Helping those in need Lesson 2 Part I 动词不定式 一、目标展示。仔细观察下列句子，注意划线部分的用法。 1. Sally never forgets to do her homework. 2. I agreed to go with them. 3. We decided to go out for dinner. 4. I hope to study music in France. 5. We plan to visit her tomorrow. 二、结构 肯定形式 to do 否定形式 not to do 三、用法 1. 作主语 eg: To play on the street is very dangerous for children.21世纪教育网版权所有 注意： (1) 为了避免头重脚轻，通常都将作主语的动词不定式置于句子后面，而在句首的主语位置 使用形式主语 it To play on the street is very dangerous for children.21教育网 = It is very dangerous for children to play on the street. (2) 常见的 it 作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语的句式有： A. It is +adj+for/of sb to do sth. eg. It is kind of you to help me. B. It takes/took sb. +时间/金钱+ to do sth eg. It takes me an hour to finish my homework. 2. 作表语（用在be动词或系动词后，表示“是去做….” ） eg. 1. He seems to be very rich. 2. My job today is to cook lunch and do some cleaning.21·cn·jy·com 3. Our plan is to have a picnic in the morning. 3. 作定语（名词后） eg. 1. Students in our school have much homework_____(do).2·1·c·n·j·y 2. We have two rooms _____, but I can’t decide _____.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】 A. to live, to choose which one B. lived, choose which one C. to live in, which one to choose D. live, which one21·世纪*教育网 当名词或代词前有序数词、the only、the last 等修饰时，名词后面要用 to do做定语 eg. He is always the first student to go to school.2-1-c-n-j-y 小练： 1. I have many things _____( do ) today. 2. She has something important _____( tell ) you.21*cnjy*com 3. Would you like something _____?A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks 4. I have a lot of homework _____.A. do B. doing C. did D. to do 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】 5. He is not an easy man _____.A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with 4. 作宾语（用在动词后） 常见直接接不定式 to do 作宾语的动词口诀: 三个希望两个答应（hope, wish, want, agree, promise） 一个要求莫拒绝 （demand, refuse） 设法学会做决定 （manage, learn, decide） 不要假装在选择 ( pretend, choose) 1. He decided to buy some flowers for her. 2. She wants to apologize for being late. 3. Please don’t forget to bring your medicine next time. 注意： it 也可作形式宾语，而把真正作宾语的动词不定式放在后面,主要句式有： make / find / think + it +adj.+ to do sth. eg: I find it hard to learn a foreign language well.21cnjy.com ▲四．常见构成“动词+宾语+不定式 to do”结构的动词 advise 建议 allow 允许 ask 请求 tell 告诉 encourage 鼓励 invite 邀请【出处：21教育名师】 order 命令 teach 教 warn 警告 eg. The teacher told the students to keep quiet. He asked me to wait for him at the gate. ▲★五．特殊情况 1. 使役动词后省 to 的情况：在主动语态中，let/make/have 等使役动词后用作宾语补足语的 不定式必须省略 to； eg. He made me do a lot of homework. 2. 感观动词后省 to 的情况：在 see, hear, notice 等词后用作宾语补足语的不定式须省略 to； eg. I saw him enter the hospital. 拓展：see/hear/notice + sb. + ... ...